Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Acuudicative-claims arbitration
arbitration designed to resolve matters usu. Handled by courts (such as a tort claim), in contrast to arbitration of labor issues, international trade, and other fields traditionally associated with arbitration.
Arbitration
n. A method of dispute resolution involving one or more neutral third parties who are usu. Agreed to by the disputing parties and whose decision is binding. - also termed (redundantly) binding arbitration. - arbitrate, vb. - arbitral, adj. Cf. Mediation (1).ad hoc arbitration arbitration of only one issue.
Arbitration act
a federal or state statute providing for the submission of disputes to arbitration.
Arbitration and award
an affirmative defense asserting that the subject matter of the action has already been settled in arbitration.
Arbitration board
a panel of arbitrators appointed to hear and decide a dispute according to the rules of arbitration.
Arbitration clause
a contractual provision mandating arbitration - and thereby avoiding litigation - of disputes about the contracting parties' rights, duties, and liabilities.
Arbitration of exchange
the simultaneous buying and selling of bills of exchange in different international markets, with the hope of profiting from the price difference of the currencies in those markets. See arbitrage; draft (i).
Compulsory arbitration
arbitration required by law or forced by law on the parties.
Final-offer arbitration
arbitration in which both parties are required to submit their "final offer" to the arbitrator, who may choose only one. ( this device gives each party an incentive to make a reasonable offer or risk the arbitrator's accepting the other party's offer. The purpose of this type of arbitration is to counteract arbitrators' tendency to make compromise decisions halfway between the two parties' demands.
Grievance arbitration
1. Arbitration that involves the violation or interpretation of an existing contract. ( the arbitrator issues a final decision regarding the meaning of the contractual terms. 2. Labor law. Arbitration of an employee's grievance, usu. Relating to an alleged violation of the employee's rights under a collective-bargaining agreement. the arbitration procedure is set out in the collective-bargaining agreement. Grievance arbitration is the final step in grievance procedure. - also termed rights arbitration. See grievance procedure the great majority of today's collective bargaining agreements provide for an impartial arbitrator to hear and decide grievances under the bargaining agreement. The details of grievance arbitration vary considerably among agreements." douglas l. Leslie, labor law in a nutshell 264 (3d ed. 1992).
Interest arbitration
arbitration that involves settling the terms of a contract being negotiated between the parties; esp., in labor law, arbitration of a dispute concerning what provisions will be included in a new collective-bargaining agreement. ( when the parties cannot agree on contractual terms, an arbitrator decides. This type of arbitration is most common in public-sector collective bargaining.
Judicial arbitration
court-referred arbitration that is final unless a party objects to the award.
Rights arbitration
see grievance arbitration.
Voluntary arbitration
arbitration by the agreement of the parties.
adjudicative-claims arbitration.
See ARBITRATION.
american arbitration association
a national organization that maintains a panel of arbitrators to hear labor and commercial disputes. - abbr. aaa.
binding arbitration.
See ARBITRATION.
compulsory arbitration
See ARBITRATION.
de arbitratione facto
n. [Law Latin "of arbitration had"] Hist. A writ staying an action already settled by arbitration.
grievance arbitration.
See ARBITRATION.
interest arbitration
See ARBITRATION,
judicial arbitration
See ARBITRATION.
rights arbitration
See grievance arbitration under ARBITRATION. rights-consciousness See CLAIMS-CONSCIOUSNESS.
voluntary arbitration
See ARBITRATION.