Legal Maxims | قانونی مقولے
Explore judicial definitions, legal maxims, and expressions cited in Pakistani case law.
2003 CLC 513 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
A coelo usque and centrum — "A coelo usque and centrum" (from the heavens to the centre of the earth).
2004 PLD 185 SUPREME-COURT:
— O. XXII, R. 1 — Maxim "actio personalis moritur cum persona" — Connotation and applicability — Personal right of action dies with the person — Right to sue, other than intimately connected with the individuality of the deceased, always survives to or against his legal ...
1994 CLC 94 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Actio Personalis Mortum Cum Persona Actio personalia moritur cum persona" (Personal rights of action die with person). Z.U. Ahmad for Petitioner. Sadruddin Huda for Respondents.
1990 CLC 404 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Actio Personalis Mortum Cum Persona Maxim: ...
2025 CLD 1130 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Actus curiae neminem gravabit — Meaning — Act of Court should prejudice no man.
2001 SCMR 1001 SUPREME-COURT:
— Maxim 'Actus curiae neminem gravabit' (an act of Court shall prejudice no man) — Applicability — Maxim comes into play, with a view to obviate ha...
2002 MLD 749 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Allegans contraria non est audiendus — Allegans contraria non est audiendus" — Meaning and connotation — He who makes mutually contradictory and inconsistent statements is not to be listened to; his testimony deserves to be outrightly rejected.
1984 CLC 3253 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Maxim — "An act of Court shall prejudice no man"-Sind Rented Premises Ordinance (XVII of 1979), S. 16 (2)-Applicability of maxim-Default in compliance of tentative order-Tenant having two options before him-Either to deposit arrears of rent in cash or getting ...
1989 CLC 2194 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Arbitrium Est Judicium Boni Viri, Secundum Acquum Et Bonum — Arbitrium est judicium boni viri, secundum acquum et bonum — Application-Where arbitrator was not exercising the duties bf an arbitrator and violated the principles of fairness, essential to arbitr...
1995 PLC(CS) 408 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
— Societies Registration Act (XXI of 1860), S. 1 — Constitution of Pakistan (1973), Art. 199 — Employee of Pakistan Administrative Staff College — Compulsory retirement — Validity — Pakistan Administrative Staff College being a society registered, under S...
Audi Alteram Partem
maxim
2024 CLD 1004 ISLAMABAD:
Principles of natural justice — Audi alteram partem — Applicability — Principle of natural justice, unless prohibited by wording of a statute, must be read into each and every statute — Right of personal hearing to a person against whom an adverse order is to be made is to b...
1978 PLD 121 SUPREME-COURT:
Art. 13 read with Criminal Procedure Code (V of 1898), S. 403 and Evidence Act (I of 1872), S. 132-Maxim : autrefois convict and aturefois acquit-Protection against double punishment-Word "prosecution" in Art. 13-Includes commencing, conducting, and carrying a suit to a c...
Autrefois acquit
maxim
2022 PCrLJ 1022 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Art. 13 — Criminal Procedure Code (V of 1898), S. 403 — General Clauses Act (X of 1897), S. 26 — Protection against double punishment and self-incrimination — Person once convicted or acquitted not to be tried for the same offence — Provisions as to offences...
1989 PLD 152 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
"Certum est quod certum reddi potest" means that is sufficiently certain which can be made certain??Maxim is peculiarly applicable in construing written instruments.
2003 CLD 131 APPELLANT-BENCH-SECURITY-AND-EXCHANGE-COMMISSION:
Cuilibet licet renuntiar juri prose introducto — "Cuilibet licet renuntiar juri prose introducto": Any one may waive or renounce the benefit of a principle or rule of law that exists only for his protection.
1997 PLD 499 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
...... Cujus est instituere ejus abrogare": He that institutes may also abrogate.
Delay Defeats Equity
maxim
2023 PLC(CS)N 65 Gilgit-Baltistan Chief Court:
Equity aids the vigilant and not the indolent — Delay defeats equity — Law favours vigilant and not the indolent.
1987 PLD 336 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Generalia specialibus non derogant (General words do not derogate from special) — Application of p...
1971 PLD 333 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Delegata Potestas Non Potest Delegati delegata potestas non potent delegati (delegate may not further delegate the powers conferred on him).
1976 PLD 109 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Delegations Non Polest Delegose (or Delegasi) Delegations non polest delegose (or delegasi)-Applies to delegation of all classes of powers and originally in context of judicial powers — Convenient to travel beyond delegation of discretionary powers in strict se...
2022 PLD 552 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Delegatus non potest delegare — Scope — Delegated power — Acting under dictation is against unsanctioned delegation, derived from maxim delegatus non potest delegare, which lays down that a delegate cannot further delegate power to someone else — Such is to ens...
1996 CLC 202 PESHAWAR-HIGH-COURT:
Dubio Secundum Reum Potius Quam Secundum Actorem Litom Dori Opertet Dubio secundum reum potius quam secundum actorem litom dori opertet" — Applicability — Where case was doubtful, decision should be given for defendant rather than for plaintiff — Maxim would be appl...
1967 PLD 828 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
West Pakistan Urban Rent Restriction Ordinance (VI of 1959), Ss. 4, 5, 6 (1) (c) & 8-Clause (c) of S. 6 (1) as added by West Pakistan Urban Rent Restriction (Amendment) Ordinance (XXI of 1965), not retrospective in effect-Does not affect applications for fair r...
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1995 PLD 91 PESHAWAR-HIGH-COURT:
Ex Diuturnitate Temporis Omnia Proesumuntur Rite Et Solenniter Esse Acta "Ex diuturnitate temporis omma proesumuntur rite et solenniter esse acta" — Meaning — Antiquity of time fortifies all titles.
1977 PLD 814 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
S. 23-Maxim : Ex dolo malo yon orftur actio (Court will not lend aid to person founding his cause of action upon an immoral or illegal act)-Contention that defendant having admitted real consideration for transaction being suppressed and fictitious figures give...
1956 PLD 521 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
S. 23-Defendant's pleas based on an illegal transaction-May sometimes be allowed in interest of justice or public policy-Maxim: ex turpi causa non oritur actio-Application whether universal.
1987 PLD 213 SUPREME-COURT:
"Expressio unius alterlus exclusio" (express mention of one thing implies the exclusion of another).
1975 PLD 32 SUPREME-COURT:
Expressio Unius Alterius Exclusio — Expressio unius exclusio alterius (the mention of one is exclusion of another Rule not absolute in-its ap...
2003 PLD 77 PESHAWAR-HIGH-COURT:
Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius — "Expressio unius est exclusio alterius" — Meaning — Act when is directed to be done in a particular manner it must be done in that manner or not at all as a command in the negative necessarily includes in it.
2000 PTD 2958 L...
1981 PLD 244 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Art. 199-Maxims : Fraus et jus num quam cohabitant (fraud and justice never dwell together) and Frau et doles nemini patroeenari debut (fraud and deceit ought not to benefit any one)-Writ jurisdiction-Fraud vitiates most solemn proceedings-No- party can be allo...
2004 CLC 1944 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
— "Expressum facit cessare facitum" — Meaning and connotation — Meaning of the maxim "Expressum facit cessare facitum" is that if doing of a particular thing was made lawful, doing of something in conflict with that, would be unlawful, so the things must be d...
1989 PLD 152 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
"Falsa bemonstratio non nocet" means mere false description does not vitiate, if there be sufficient certainty as to the object-Where the description is made up of more than one part and one part is true, but the other false, there, the part which is true descr...
1990 MLD 239 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Falsa Demonstraio Non Nocet — Falsa Demonstrations non nocat: False description does not vitiate (a document) — Where Civil Judge was also invested with the powers of a Judge Family Court, misdescription of designation, would not have any effect on the legali...
2013 PCrLJ 539 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Ss. 302(b), 324 & 449 — Qatl-e-amd, attempt to commit qatl-e-amd, house-trespass — Appreciation of evidence — Falsus in uno falsus in omnibus — Applicability — Doctrine of "falsus in uno falsus in omnibus" is not followed in criminal justice system of the cou...
2005 PLD 270 SUPREME-COURT:
— Let justice be done, though the heavens should fall — Applicability.
1989 PLD 166 SUPREME-COURT:
"Fiat justitia, ruat coelum": Let justice be done, though the heavens should fall??Origin and application of the maxim.
2000 PLD 224 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Fraus et dolus nemini patracinari debent" ?Meaning???Fraud and deceit ought not to benefit anyone
1981 PLD 244 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Art. 199-Maxims : Fraus et jus num quam cohabitant (fraud and justice never dwell together) and Frau et doles nemini patroeenari debut (fraud and deceit ought not to benefit any one)-Writ jurisdiction-Fraud vitiates most solemn proceedings-No- party can be allo...
2025 SCMR 570 SUPREME-COURT:
Generalia specialibus non derogant — Connotation — Latin maxim "generalia specialibus non derogant" means "things general do not derogate from things special" — This is a routine tenet of statutory interpretation, emphasizing that where there is a conflict between genera...
2002 PTD 1535 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
— Ss.23(1)(xviii) & 136 — Income-tax Act (XI of 1922), S.10(2), (xii), (xv) & (xvi) — Maxim "generalibus specialia derogant" — Applicability — Expenditure incurred on foreign, training, disallowance of — Validity — Rule generalibus specialia derogant would a...
1969 PLD 306 PESHAWAR-HIGH-COURT:
S. 65 and Specific Relief Act (I of 1877), S. 41 read with Transfer of Property Act (IV of 1882), Ss. 83 & 84 - Mortgage - Minor - Misrepresentation - Minor entering into mortgage fraudulently representing as to his age and subsequently bringing action for restituti...
2005 YLR 221 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
— "Ignorantia juris non-excusat " — Ignorance of law is no excuse.
1989 PLC 552 LABOUR-APPELLANT-TRIBUNAL-SINDH:
Ignorantia Juris Neminum Excusat — Ignorance of law is no excuse.
1986 PLC 862 LABOUR-APPELLATE-TRIBUNAL-AZAD-KASHMIR:
— Ss. 25-A & 56 — Ma...
1999 CLC 1892 PESHAWAR-HIGH-COURT:
— Art. 199 — Civil service — Maxims "Ignorantia juris sui non prasejudicat juri" and "Ignorantia juris sui non praejudicat juri" — Meaning and applicability — Petitioner had claimed that he, after being tested and interviewed, was selected for post of typist, but ...
1999 CLC 1892 PESHAWAR-HIGH-COURT:
— Art. 199 — Civil service — Maxims "Ignorantia juris sui non prasejudicat juri" and "Ignorantia juris sui non praejudicat juri" — Meaning and applicability — Petitioner had claimed that he, after being tested and interviewed, was selected for post of typist, but ...
2001 PLD 228 SUPREME-COURT:
Ignorantia Legis Neminem Excusat Ignorance of law is no excuse
1994 PLD 360 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
— "Ignorantia legis neminem excusat" (ignorance of law is not an excuse).
1994 CLC 1163 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Ignorantia Legis Neminem Excusat — "Ignorentia jur...
2002 PLD 50 PESHAWAR-HIGH-COURT:
”Ignorantia praesumitur ubi scientia non probatur" (ignorance is presumed where knowledge is not proved) and "lex neminem cogit ostendere qued nescire praesumitur" (law compels no one to divulge that which he is presumed not to know) — Applicability — Where the petit...
1994 PLD 323 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
— "In pari delicto potior est conditio defendentis' Courts would refuse to enforce an illegal agreement at the instance of a person who was himself a party to an illegality or fraud — Applicability — In absence of any evidence in support of the condition that ...
Inter Arms Leges Silent
maxim
1971 PLD 115 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Inter Arms Leges Silent — Inter arma leges silent (in the midst of arms the laws are silent).
1972 PLD 603 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
Maxim: interest reipulicae ut sit finis litiam (it concerns the State that there should be an end to law-suits).
2000 PCRLJ 1882 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH:
Justice hurried is justice burried — Justice hurried is justice buried.
2000 PLC 355 LABOUR-APPELLATE-TRIBUNAL-SINDH:
Law helps vigilant and not indolent — Law helps vigilant and not indolent.
2000 PLC 134 LABOUR-APPELLATE-TRIBUNAL-SINDH:
Law helps vigilant and not indolent — Law helps vigilant and not indolent.
1999 SCMR 1326 SUPREME-COURT:
Law helps vigilant a...
1994 PTD 598 INCOME-TAX-APPELLATE-TRIBUNAL-PAKISTAN:
— Lex non cogit ad impossibilia — Individual or an institution representing individuals including a Government cannot be required or expected to do anything which is factually not possible.
1993 PTD 1047 SUPREME-COURT:
— Lex non cogit ad impo...
1996 PLD 77 SUPREME-COURT:
Leges Posteriores Priores Contrarias Abrogant Leges posteriores priores contrarias abrogant" — Meaning and scope — Maxim means that later laws repeal earlier laws inconsistent therewith — Where provisions of later Act were so inconsistent with or repugnant to those of an ...
2004 PLD 690 SUPREME-COURT:
— "Lex non cogit ad impossibilia" — Applicability.
1993 SCMR 1406 SUPREME-COURT:
Lex Non Coit Ad Impossibilia — "Lex non cogit ad impossibilia" — Parameters within which maxim operates recorded.
1993 PLD 673 LAHORE-HIGH-COURT-LAHORE:
"Lex non cogit ad imposibilia" ...