Legal Dictionary of Pakistan

C'est le crime qui fait la honte, et non pas mchafaud

It is the crime that causes the shame, and not the scaffold.

Crime

A social harm that the law makes punishable; the breach of a legal duty treated as the subject-matter of a criminal proceeding. - Also termed criminal wrong. See OFFENSE. "Understanding that the conception of Crime, as distinguished from that of Wrong or Tort and from that of Sin, involves the idea of injury to the State of collective community, we first find that the commonwealth, in literal conformity with the conception, itself interposed directly, and by isolated acts, to avenge itself on the author of the evil which it had suffered." Henry S. Maine, Ancient law 320 (17th ed. 1901). "It is a curious fact that all the minor acts enumerated in the penal code of a state like, say, New York are in law called crimes, which term includes both murder and overparking. It is a strong term to use for the latter, and of course the law has for centuries recognized that there are more serious and less serious crimes. At the common law, however, only two classes were recognized, serious crimes or felonies, and minor crimes or misdemeanors." Max Radin, The Law and You 91 (1948).

Crimen falsi dicitur, cum quis illicitus, cui non fuerit ad hoea data auctoritas, de sigillo regis rapto vel invento brevia cartasve consignaverit

It is called "crimen falsi" when anyone to whom power has not been given for such purposes has illicitly signed writs or grants with the king's seal, either stolen or found.

Crimen laesae majestatis omnia alia crimina excedit quoad poenam

The crime of treason exceeds all other crimes in its punishment.

Crimen trahit personam

The crime brings with it the person. ( That is, the commission of a crime gives the courts of the place where it is committed jurisdiction over the person of the offender.

Felonia, ex vi termini, significat quodlibet capitale crimen felleo animo perpetratum

Fc lony, by force of the term, signifies any capital crime perpetrated with a malicious intent.

Nullum crimen majus est inobedientia

No crime is greater than disobedience.

Omne crimen ebrietas et incendit et detegit

Drunkenness both inflames and reveals every crime.

Uniform Crime Reports

A series of annual criminological studies (each entitled Crime in the United States) prepared by the FBI. ( The reports include data on eight index offenses, statistics on arrests, and information on offenders, crime rates, and the like. - Abbr. UCR.

abominable and detestable crime against nature

See SODOMY.

accusation,n. 1. A formal charge of criminal wrongdoing. 0 The accusation is usu. presenter) to a court or magistrate having jurisdiction tf) inquire into the alleged crime. 2. An informs i statement

administrative crime

An offense consisting of a violation of an administrative rule or regulation that carries with it a criminal sanction.

administrative crime.

See CRIME.

capital crime

See capital offense under OFFENSE.

common-law crime

A crime that is punishable under the common law, rather than by force of statute. Cf. statutory crime.

compounding a crime

The offense of either agreeing not to prosecute a crime that one knows has been committed or agreeing to hamper the prosecution. - Also termed theft-bote."If a prosecuting attorney should accept money from another to induce the officer to prevent the finding of an indictment against that person this would be compounding a crime if the officer knew the other was guilty of an offense, but would be bribery whether he had such knowledge or not." Rollin M. Perkins & Ronald N. Boyce, Criminal Law 539 (3d ed. 1982).

computer crime

A crime requiring knowledge of computer technology, such as sabotaging or stealing computer data or using a computer to commit some other crime. consensual crime See victimless crime.

consensual crime

See victimless crime under CRIME.

corporate crime

A crime committed either by a corporate body or by its representatives acting on its behalf. ( Examples include pricefixing and consumer fraud. crime against nature See SODOMY.

credit-card crime

The offense of using a credit card to purchase something with knowledge that (1) the card is stolen or forged, (2) the card has been revoked or canceled, or (3) the card's use is unauthorized.

crime against humanity

Int'l law. A -bt tttal crime that is not an isolated incident but that involves large and systematic actions, often cloaked with official authority, and that shocks the conscience of humankind. 0 Among the specific crimes that fall within this category are mass murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, and other inhumane acts perpel rated against a population, whether in wartime or not.

crime against international law

See c T1mlE AGAINST THE LAW OF NATIONS.

crime against nature

See SODOMY

crime against peace

Int'l law. An international crime in which the offenders plan, prepare, initiate, or wage a war of aggression or a war in violation of international peace treaties, agreements, or assurances.

crime against the law of nations

Int'l law. 1. A crime punishable under internationally prescribed criminal law or defined by an international convention and required to be made punishable under the criminal law of the member states. 2. A crime, such as piracy or a war crime, punishable under international criminal law. 3. A crime punishable under international law; an act that is internationally agreed to be of a criminal nature, such as genocide, piracy, or engaging in the slave trade. - Also termed crime against international law. crime against the person. See CRIMES AGAINST PERSONS.

crime insurance

See INSURANCE.

crime insurance.

Insurance covering losses occasioned by a crime committed by someone other than the insured.

crime malum in se

See MALUM IN SE.

crime malum prohibitum

See MALUM PROHIBITUM.

crime of omission

An offense that carries as its material component the failure to act.

crime of passion

See CRIME.

crime of violence

See violent crime.

crime statistics

Figures compiled by a governmental agency to show the incidence of various types of crime within a defined geographic area during a specified time.

crime without victims

See victimless crime.

crime-fraud exception

The doctrine that neither the attorney-client privilege nor the attorney-work-product privilege protects attorneyclient communications that are in furtherance of a current or planned crime or fraud. Clark u. United States, 289 U.S. 1, 53 S.Ct. 465 (1933); In re Grand Jury Subpoena Duces Tecum, 731 F.2d 1032 (2d Cir. 1984).

crimen

n. [Latin] 1. An accusation or charge of a crime. 2. A crime. Pl. crimina (krim-a-na).

crimen falsi

[Latin "the crime of falsifying"] 1. A crime in the nature of perjury. 2. Any other offense that involves some element of dishonesty or false statement. See Fed. R. Evid. 609(a)(2). "The starting point [for perjury] seems to have been the so-called crimen falsi, - crime of falsifying. In the beginning, perhaps, one convicted of perjury was deemed too untrustworthy to be permitted to testify in any other case, and the idea grew until the term crimen falsi' included any crime involving an element of deceit, fraud or corruption." Rollin M. Perkins & Ronald N. Boyce, Criminal Lace 26 (3d ed. 1982).

crimen furti

[Latin "the crime of stealing"] See THEFT.

crimen incendii

[Latin "the crime of burning"] See ARSON.

crimen innominatum

[Latin "the nameless crime"] See SODOMY.

crimen majestatis

[Latin "crime against majesty"] Hist. High treason; any crime against the king's person or dignity; LESS MAJESTY. 0 Under Roman law, crimen majestatis denoted any enterprise by a Roman citizen or other person against the emperor or the republic. - Also spelled crimen maiestatis. - Also termed crimen laesae majestatis. Cf. PERDUELLIO.

crimen raptus

[Latin "the crime of rape"] See RAPE.

crimen repetundarum

[Latin] Roman law. The crime of bribery or extortion.

crimen roberiae

[Latin "the crime of robbery"] ROBBERY. crime of omission See CRIME.

crimes against persons

A category of criminal offenses in which the perpetrator uses or threatens to use force. ( Examples include murder, rape, aggravated assault, and robbery. - Also termed crimes against the person. Cf. offense against the person under OFFENSE.

crimes against property

A category of criminal offenses in which the perpetrator seeks to derive an unlawful benefit from - or do damage to - another's property without the use or threat of force. ( Examples include burglary, theft, and arson (even though arson may result in injury or death). - Also termed property crimes. Cf. offense against property under OFFENSE.

crimes against the person

See CRIMES AGAINST PERSONS.

deed of crime

See ACTUS REUS.

degree of crime

1. A division or classification of a single crime into several grades of guilt, according to the circumstances surrounding the crime's commission, such as aggravating factors present or the type of injury suffered. 2. A division of crimes generally, such as felonies or misdemeanors. degree of kin. See DEGREE.

elements of crime

The constituent parts of a crime - use. consisting of the actus reus, mens rea, and - that the prosecution must prove to sustain a conviction. o The term is more broadly defined by the Model Penal Code in § 1.13(9) to refer to each component of the actus reus, causation, the mens rea, any grading factors, and the negative of any defense.