Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Crimination
n. 1. INCRIMINATION. 2. An accusation or strong censure.
Discrimination
n. 1. The effect of a law or established practice that confers privileges on a certain class or that denies privileges to a certain class because of race, age, sex, nationality, religion, or handicap. 0 Federal law, including Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, prohibits employment discrimination based on any one of those characteristics. Other federal statutes, supplemented by court decisions, prohibit discrimination in voting rights, housing, credit extension, public education, and access to public facilities. State laws provide further protections against discrimination. 2. Differential treatment; esp., a failure to treat all persons equally when no reasonable distinction can be found between those favored and those not favored."The dictionary sense of discrimination' is neutral while the current political use of the term is frequently nonneutral, pejorative. With both a neutral and a nonneutral use of the word having currency, the opportunity for confusion in arguments about racial discrimination is en
Incrimination
1. The act of charging someone with a crime. 2. The act of involving someone in a crime. - Also termed crimination. See SELF-INCRIMINATION. incroach, ub. Archaic. See ENCROACH.
Racial discrimination
Discrimination based on race.reverse discrimination. Preferential treatment of minorities, usu. through affirmativeaction programs, in a way that adversely affects members of a majority group. See AFFIRMATIVE ACTION.
Self-Incrimination Clause
The clause of the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution barring the government from compelling criminal defendants to testify against themselves.
age discrimination
Discrimination based on age. ( Federal law prohibits age discrimination in employment against people who are age 40 or older.
age discrimination in employment act
A federal law prohibiting job discrimination base:i on a person's age, esp. unfair and discriminatory employment decisions that negatively affect someone who is 40 years old or older. 29 usc,a ยงยง 621-634. 0 passed in 1967, the act applies u: businesses with more than 20 employees ai 3=1, all governmental entities. - abbr. adea.
economic discrimination.
Any form of discrimination within the field of commerce, such as boycotting a particular product or pricefixing. See BOYCOTT; PRICE DISCRIMINATION; PRICE-FIXING.
gender discrimination
See sex discrimination.
invidious discrimination
See DISCRIMINATION.
persistent price discrimination
A monopolist's systematic policy of obtaining different rates of return from different sales groupings.
price discrimination
The practice of offering identical or similar goods to different buyers at different prices when the costs of producing the goods are t e same. ( Price discrimination can violate antitrust laws if it reduces competition. It may,either direct, as when a seller charges different prices to different buyers, or indire , as when a seller offers special concessions/Asuch as favorable credit terms) to some but not all buyers.
privilege against self-incrimination
See RIGHT AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION.
racial discrimination
See DISCRIMINATION.
recrimination
n. Archaic. In a divorce suit, a countercharge that the complainant has been guilty of an offense constituting a ground for divorce. ( Recriminations are now virtually obsolete because of the prevalence of no-fault, divorce. - recriminatory, adj.
reverse discrimination
See DISCRIMINATION.
right against self-incrimination
A criminal defendant's or a witness's constitutional right - under the Fifth Amendment, but waiv-able under certain conditions - guaranteeing that a person cannot be compelled by the government to testify if the testimony might result in the person's being criminally prosecuted. ( Although this right is most often asserted during a criminal prosecution, a person can also "plead the Fifth" in a civil, legislative, administrative, or grand jury proceeding. - Also termed privilege against self-incrimination; right to remain silent. See SELF-INCRIMINATION.
self-crimination
See SELF-INCRIMINATION.
self-incrimination
The act of indicating one's own involvement in a crime or exposing oneself to prosecution, esp. by making a statement. -Also termed self-crimination;
sex discrimination
Discrimination based on gender, esp. against women. - Also termed gender discrimination.3. The effect of state laws that favor local interests over out-of-state interests. 0 Such a discriminatory state law may still be upheld if it is narrowly tailored to achieve an important state interest. - discriminate, ub. - discriminatory, adj. Cf. FAVORITISM.