Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Diploma
1. Roman law. A letter giving permission to use the imperial post. 2. Hist. A royal charter; letters patent. 3. A document that evidences or memorializes graduation from a school or society. Cf. DEGREE (s). 4. A document that evidences a license or privilege to practice a profession, such as medicine.
Diplomacy
n. Int'l law. 1. The art and practice of conducting negotiations between national governments.
Diplomatic Security Service
A bureau of the U.S. Department of State having responsibility for protecting the Secretary of State and domestic and foreign dignitaries, as well as for investigating criminal activities such as identity-document fraud involving U.S. passports and visas. 0 The Service now employs some 800 special agents (members of the U.S. Foreign Service), who are located throughout the United States and in scores of embassies worldwide.
Diplomatics
The science of deciphering and authenticating ancient writings. 0 The principles were largely developed by the Benedictine Dom Mabillon in his 1681 work entitled De re diplomatica. - Also termed diplomatic (n.). "Diplomatics, the science derived from the study of ancient diplomas, so called from being written on two leaves, or on double tablets. The Romans used the term more specially for the letters of license to use the public conveyances provided at the differ"Diplomatics, the science derived from the study of ancient diplomas, so called from being written on two leaves, or on double tablets. The Romans used the term more specially for the letters of license to use the public conveyances provided at the differ
corps diplomatique
DIPLOMATIC CORPS.
diplomatic agent
a national representative in one of four categories: (1) ambassadors, (2) envoys and ministers plenipotentiary, (3)ministers resident accredited to the sovereign, or (4) charges d'affaires accredited to the minister of foreign affairs.
diplomatic bag
See DIPLOMATIC POUCH.
diplomatic corps
Int'l law. The ambassador and other diplomatic personnel assigned by their government to a foreign capital.
diplomatic immunity
The general exemption of diplomatic ministers from the operation of local law, the exception being that a minister who is plotting against the security of the nation to which he or she is accredited may be arrested and sent out of the country. ( A minister's family shares in diplomatic immunity to a great, though ill-defined, degree.
diplomatic pouch
1. A bag containing official correspondence, documents, or articles intended exclusively for official communications of a nation with its missions, consular posts, or delegations. 2. The contents of the bag. - Also termed diplomatic bag; valise diplomatique.
diplomatic protection
Protection given by one country's representatives to a person, usu. an individual, against another country's violation of international law. "The term diplomatic protection is not altogether precise. First, not only diplomatic agents and missions and other foreign offices may and do exercise diplomatic protection, but also, at a different level, consuls, and, although very rarely, military forces. Secondly, the term diplomatic protection does not clearly denote the boundary line to other diplomatic activities for the benefit of individuals, such as mere promotion of interests in one's own nationals in a foreign State, or friendly intercessions with foreign authorities. Thus, diplomatic or consular actions to obtain concessions or other government contracts for nationals from the receiving State, or the arrangement of legal defense for a justly imprisoned national are not diplomatic protection in our sense; they are usually neither directed against the other State nor based on a real or alleged violation of international law. All these last-mentioned activities may be called diplomatic protection only if the term is taken in a very broad sense." William Karl Geck, "Diplomatic Protection," in 1 Encyclopedia of Public International law 1046 (1992).
diplomatic relations
Int'l law. The customary form of permanent contact and communication between sovereign countries.
open diplomacy
See DIPLOMACY.
parliamentary diplomacy
See DIPLOMACY.
quiet diplomacy
See secret diplomacy under DIPLOMACY.
secret diplomacy
Diplomacy carried on behind closed doors. - Also termed quiet diplomacy.
shuttle diplomacy
Diplomatic negotiations assisted by emissaries, who travel back and forth between negotiating countries. & In legal contexts, the term usu. refers to a similar approach used by a mediator in negotiating the settlement of a lawsuit. The mediator travels back and forth between different rooms, one of which is assigned to each side's decision-makers and counsel. The mediator relays offers and demands between the rooms and, by conferring with the parties about their positions and about the uncertainty of litigation, seeks to reach an agreed resolution of the case.2. Loosely, foreign policy. 3. The collective functions performed by a diplomat. - diplomatic, adj. - diplomat, n. diplomatic agent See AGENT.
valise diplomatique
See DIPLOMATIC POUCH.