Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
A tort ou a droit
[law french] right or wrong.
Academie de Droit International de La Haye
See HAGUE ACADEMY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.
Autre droit
[law french] in right of another. ( this phrase describes the manner in which a trustee holds property for a beneficiary.
Bailiffs of hundreds
hist. Bailiffs appointed by a sheriff to collect fines, summon juries, attend court sessions, and execute writs and process in the county district known as a hundred. See hundred.
Battered-child syndrome
The medical and psychological condition of a child who has suffered continuing injuries that could not be accidental and are therefore presumed to have been inflicted by someone close to the child.
Battered-woman syndrome
the medical and psychological condition of a woman who has suffered physical, sexual, or emotional abuse at the hands of a spouse or lover. ( this syndrome is sometimes proposed as a defense to justify a woman's killing of a man. - sometimes (more specifically) termed battered-wife syndrome; (more broadly) battered-spouse syndrome.
Bear drive.
see bear raid.
Calandra rule
The doctrine that a grand jury witness may be compelled to answer questions about . certain items, even though the items were obtained by the police illegally. United States v. Calandra, 414 U.S. 338, 94 S.Ct. 613 (1974).
DRM.
See direct-reduction mortgage under MORTGAGE.
Demandress
Archaic. A female demandant.
Dieu et mon droit
[French "God and my right"] The motto of the royal arms of England. 9 It was first used by Richard I and, with the exception of Elizabeth I, was continually used from Edward III to William III, who used the motto je maintiendrey. Queen Anne used Elizabeth I's motto, semper eadem, but Dieu et mon droit has been used since her death.
Dr
abbr. 1. DEBTOR. 2. DOCTOR. DR. abbr. DISCIPLINARY RULE.
Draft
n. 1. An unconditional written order signed by one person (the drawer) directing another person (the drawee or payor) to pay a certain sum of money on demand or at a definite time to a third person (the payee) or to bearer. ( A check is the most common example of a draft. - Also termed bill of exchange; letter of exchange. Cf. NOTE (1).
Drafter
A person who draws or frames a ?: document, such as a will, contra tive bill. - Also termed draftsma;
Drafting
The practice, technique, or skim volved in preparing legal documents - such statutes, rules, regulations, contracts, wills - that set forth the rights, duties, liabilities and entitlements of person and legal entities
Draftsman
See drafter
Drago doctrine
The principle asserted by Luis Drago, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic, in a December 29, 1902 letter to the Argentine Minister in Washington, in which Drago, in response to the forcible coercion of Venezuela's unpaid loans by Great Britain and others, argued that no public debt should be collected from a sovereign state by force or through the occupation of American territory by a foreign power. 0 The subject was presented at the Hague Conference of 1907, when a modified version of the Drago doctrine was adopted.
Drain
ub. 1. To draw (a liquid) off gradually <the farmer drained water from the property. 2. To exhaust gradually <the facility has drained the area's natural resources>. 3. To empty gradually <the water drained>.
Drama
n. 1. A presentation of a story portrayed by words and actions or actions alone; a play. Cf. DRAMATIC COMPOSITION. "The term [drama] is applied to compositions which imitate action by representing the personages introduced in them as real and as employed in the action itself The varieties of the drama differ more or less widely, both as to the objects imitated and as to the means used in the imitation. But they all agree as to the method or manner which is essential to the dramatic art, viz., imitation in the way of action." 7 Encyclopaedia Britannica 338 (9th ed.1907). 2. An event or series of events having conflicting and exciting elements that capture people's attention.
Draw
ub. 1. To create and sign (a draft) <draw a check to purchase goods>. 2. To prepare or frame (a legal document) <draw up a will>. 3. To take out (money) from a bank, treasury, or depository <she then drew $6,000 from her account>. 4. To select (a jury) < the lawyers then began voir dire and had soon drawn a jury>.
Drawback
A government allowance or refund on import duties when the importer reexports imported products rather than selling them domestically. 19 USCA ยง 1313.
Drawee bank
see payor bank.
Drawer
One who directs a person or entity, usu. a bank, to pay a sum of money stated in an instrument - for example, a person who writes a check; the maker of a note or draft. See mAxEx.
Drawlatch
Hist. A thief; a robber who waits until homes are empty, then draws the homes' door latches to steal what is inside. drayage. A charge for transporting property. dread-disease insurance See INSURANCE.
Driver
1. A person who steers and propels a vehicle. 2. A person who herds animals a drover.
Driving
n. The act of directing the course of something, such as an automobile or a herd of animals.
Droit ne done pluis que soft demaunde
The law gives no more than is demanded.
Droit ne poet pas morier
Right cannot die.
Drop
English law. A rule nisi that is not adopted because the members of a court are equally divided on the issue. ( The rule is dropped rather than discharged or made absolute.
Drove
n. 1. A group of animals driven in a herd. 2. A large group of people in motion.
Drug
n. 1. A substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease. 2. A natural or synthetic substance that alters one's perception or consciousness. -drug, ub. See CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE.
Druggist
A person who mixes, compounds, dispenses, or otherwise deals in drugs and medicines, usu. either as a proprietor of a drugstore or as a pharmacist.
Drummer
1. A commercial agent who travels around taking orders for goods to be shipped from wholesale merchants to retail dealers; a traveling sales representative. 2. A traveling salesperson.
Drungarius
n. [Law Latin] Hist. 1. A commander of a band of soldiers. 2. A naval commander.
Drungus
n. [Law Latin] Hist. A band of soldiers.
Drunk
adj. Intoxicated; (of a person) under the influence of intoxicating liquor to such a degree that the normal capacity for rational thought and conduct is impaired.
Drunkard
A person who is habitually or often intoxicated.
Drunkenness
1. A state of intoxication; inebriation; the condition resulting from a person's ingestion of excessive amounts of intoxicating liquors sufficient to affect the person's normal capacity for rational thought and conduct. 2. A habitual state of intoxication.
Dry
adj. 1. Free from moisture; desiccated <dry land>. 2. Unfruitful; destitute of profitable interest; nominal <a dry trust>. 3. (Of a jurisdiction) prohibiting the sale or use of alcoholic beverages <a dry county>
Eavesdropping
The act of secretly listening to the private conversation of others without their consent. Cf. BUGGING; WIRETAPPING.
Food and Drug Administration
The federal agency within the Department of Health and Human Services established to determine safety and quality standards for foods, drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, and other household products. - Abbr. FDA.
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
A 1938 federal law prohibiting the transportation in interstate commerce of adulterated or misbranded food, drugs, or cosmetics.
Ganser's syndrome
An abnormality characterized by the giving of irrelevant and nonsensical answers to questions. ( Prisoners sometimes feign this syndrome in an attempt to obtain leniency.
Goodright
Hist. A name sometimes used as a fictitious plaintiff in an ejectment action. "John Doe" was used more frequently. - Also termed Goodtitle. Cf. JOHN DOE.
Headright
In American Indian law, a tribemember's right to a pro rata portion of income from a tribal trust fund set up under the Allotment Act of 1906. ( This type of trust fund is funded largely by mineral royalties arising from land held or once held by the tribemember's tribe.
Home ne sera puny pur suer den briefer en court le roy, soit il a droit ou a tort
A person shall not be punished for suing out writs in the king's court, whether the person is right or wrong.
Hydralow test.
A principle for deciding when an inadvertent disclosure of a privileged document is a waiver of the attorney-client privilege, whereby the court considers the reasonableness of the precautions taken to prevent the inadvertent disclosure, the number of disclosures involved, the extent of the disclosure, the promptness of any efforts to remedy the disclosure, and whether justice would be best served by permitting the disclosing party to retrieve the document. Hydraflow, Inc. v. Enidine, Inc., 145 F.R.D. 626 (W.D.N.Y. 1993). -Also termed middle-of-the-road test. Cf. lenient test; strict test.
Kindred
n. 1. One's relatives; KIN (1). 2. Family relationship; KINSHIP.
Landreeve
Hist. A person charged with (1) overseeing certain parts of a farm or estate, (2) attending to the timber, fences, gates, buildings, private roads, and watercourses, (3) stocking the commons, (4) watching for encroachments of all kinds, (5) preventing and detecting waste and spoliation by tenants and others, and (6) reporting on findings to the manager or land steward.
Landrum-Griffin Act
A federal law, originally enacted in 1959 as the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, designed to (1) curb corruption in union leadership and undemocratic conduct in internal union affairs, (2) outlaw certain types of secondary boycotts, and (3) prevent so-called hot-cargo provisions in collective-bargaining agreements. See HOT CARGO.