Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
At-will employment.
see employment at will under employment. At-will tenancy. See tenancy at will under ten. Ancy.
Employment
1. The act of employing; the state of being employed. 2. Work for which one has been hired and is being paid by an employer.
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
A federal agency created under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to end discriminatory employment practices and to promote nondiscrim- inatory employment programs.( The EEOC investigates alleged discriminatory employment practices and encourages mediation and other nonlitigious means of resolving employment disputes. A claimant is required to file a charge of discrimination with the EEOC before pursuing a claim under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and certain other employment-related statutes. - Abbr. EEOC.
Scope of employment
The range of reasonable and foreseeable activities that an employee engages in while carrying out the employer's business. See RESPONDEAT SUPERIOR. Cf. ZONE OF EMPLOYMENT.
Unemployment
The state or condition of being unemployed.
adverse employment action
an employer's decision that substantially and negatively affects an employee's job, such as a termination, demotion, or pay cut. - also termed adverse job action.
age discrimination in employment act
A federal law prohibiting job discrimination base:i on a person's age, esp. unfair and discriminatory employment decisions that negatively affect someone who is 40 years old or older. 29 usc,a §§ 621-634. 0 passed in 1967, the act applies u: businesses with more than 20 employees ai 3=1, all governmental entities. - abbr. adea.
casual employment
See EMPLOYMENT.
common-employment doctrine
See FELLOW. SERVANT RULE.
condition of employment
A qualification or circumstance required for obtaining or keeping a job.
course of employment
Events that occur or circumstances that exist as a part of one's employment; esp., the time during which an employee furthers an employer's goals through employer-mandated directives.
dual employment
See MOONLIGHTING,
emergency-employment doctrine
The principle that an employee may enlist another's help in dealing with an emergency that falls within the scope of the employee's duties and that could not be overcome without the assistance of the other person.
employment agency
A business that procures, for a fee, employment for others and employees for employers. ( Whether the employer or the employee pays the fee depends on the terms of the agreement. See FINDER (1).
employment at will
See EMPLOYMENT
employment at will.
Employment that is usu. undertaken without a contract and that may be terminated at any time, by either the employer or the employee, without cause. -Also termed at-will employment; hiring at will. "Surprisingly, the employment at will doctrine is not an ancient one. On the contrary, it dates only from the period in the mid-nineteenth century that saw the transformation of the employment relation from one of status to one of contract. The relentlesat will' had no legal interest in continuing job security. Whereas early American masters had some responsibility to the public as well as to their servants when they turned dependent servants out on the world, under [this] formulation, masters could simp
employment contract
A contract between an employer and employee in which the terms and conditions of employment are stated.
employment contract.
See CONTRACT.
employment practices liability insurance.
Insurance that provides coverage forclaims arising from an insured's injury-causing employment practice, such as discrimination, defamation, or sexual harassment. -Abbr. EPL insurance.
employment-practices-liability insurance.
See INSURANCE.
employment-related-practices exclusion
A provision in some commercial general liability policies, excluding coverage for damages arising from an insured's employment practices, including any policy, action, or omission - such as coercion, demotion, evaluation, reassignment, discipline, defamation, harassment, humiliation, or discrimination -that is directed at the person injured.
gainful employment
See EMPLOYMENT.
gainful employment.
Work that a person can pursue and perform for money.
hazardous employment
High-risk work; work involving extra peril. ( In the context of workers' compensation, hazardous employment often requires an employer to carry workers'-compensation coverage or its equivalent, regardless of the number of employees.
in the course of employment.
Workers' compensation. (Of an accident) having happened to an on-the-job employee within the scope of employment.
incident to employment
Workers' compensation. A risk that is related to or connected with a worker's job duties.
joint employment
See EMYLOYMEN.
joint employment.
A job in which the essential terms and conditions of the employee's work are controlled by two or more entities, as when a company hires a contractor to perform a task and retains control over the contractor's employees in matters such as hiring, firing, discipline, conditions of employment, promulgation of work rules, assignment of day-to-day job duties, and issuance of operating instructions.
maritime employment
Under the Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act, a job that is related to the loading, unloading, construction, or repair of a vessel. 33 USCA § 902(3).
permanent employment
Work that, under a contract, is to continue indefinitely until either party wishes to terminate it for some legitimate reason.
place of employment
The location at which work done in connection with a business is carried out; the place where some process or operation related to the business is conducted.
seasonal employment
See EMPLOYMENT.
seasonal employment.
An occupation possible only during limited parts of the year, such as a summer-camp counselor, a baseball-park vendor, or a shopping-mall Santa.
self-employment tax
The social-security tax imposed on the net earnings of a self-employed person.
structural unemployment
Unemployment resulting from a shift in the demand for a particular product or service.
structural unemployment.
See unemployment.
termination of employment
The complete severance of an employer-employee relationship. 2. The end of something in time or existence; conclusion or discontinuance <the insurance policy's termination left the doctor without liability coverage>. - terminate, ub. - terminable, adj.
unemployment compensation
Compensation paid at regular intervals by a state agency to an unemployed person, esp. one who has been laid off.
unemployment insurance
A type of social insurance that pays money to workers who are unemployed for reasons unrelated to job performance. 0 Individual states administer unemployment insurance, which is funded by payroll taxes. - Also termed unemployment compensation.
unemployment tax
A tax imposed on an employer by state or federal law to cover the cost of unemployment insurance. ( The Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA) provides for a tax based on a percentage of employee earnings but allows a credit for amounts paid in state unemployment taxes.