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Legal Dictionary of Pakistan

Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.

Actor sequitur forum rei

The plaintiff follows the forum of the thing in dispute.

Forum

n. 1. A public place, esp. one devoted to assembly or debate. 2. A court or other judicial body; a place of jurisdiction. Pl. forums, fora.

Nihil habet forum ex scena

The court has nothing to do with what is not before it.

Non est consonum rationi quod cognitio accessorii in curia christianitatis impediatur, ubi cognitio causae principalis ad forum ecclesiasticum noscitur pertinere

It is unreasonable that the cognizance of an accessory matter should be impeded in an ecclesiastical court, when the cognizance of the principal cause is admitted to appertain to an ecclesiastical court.

Ubi est forum, ibi ergo est jus

Where the forum (or place of jurisdiction) is, there accordingly is the law.

commune forum

I Latin "common place of justice" I 11t.st. The seat of the principal English courts, osp. those that. do not go on circuit.

designated public forum

Public property that has not traditionally been open for public assembly and debate but that the government has opened for use by the public as a place for expressive activity, such as a publicuniversity facility or a publicly owned theater. ( Unlike a traditional public forum, the government does not have to retain the open character of a designated public forum. Also, the subject matter of the expression permitted in a designated public forum may be limited to accord with the character of the forum; content-neutral time, place, and manner restrictions are generally permissible. But any prohibition based on the content of the expression must be narrowly drawn to effectuate a compelling state interest, as with a traditional public forum. - Also termed limited public forum; nontraditional public forum.

forum actus

[Latin "the forum of the act"] Hist. The place where an act was done.

forum conscientiae

[Latin "the forum of conscience"] Hist The tribunal or court of conscience. ( This court was usu. a court of equity. See COURT OF CONSCIENCE.

forum contentiosum

[Latin "the forum of contention"] Hist. A court of justice; a place for litigation.

forum contractus

[Latin "the forum of the contract"] Hist. 1. The place where a contract was made, and thus the place of jurisdiction. 2. The court of the place where a contract was made.

forum conveniens

[Latin "a suitable forum"] The court in which an action is most appropriately brought, considering the best interests and convenience of the parties and witnesses. Cf. FORUM NON CONVENIENS.

forum domesticum

[Latin] Hist. A domestic court. ( This type of court decides matters (such as professional discipline) arising within the organization that created it.

forum domicilii

[Latin] Hist. The forum or court of the domicile, usu. of the defendant.

forum ecclesiasticum

[Latin] Hist. An ecclesiastical court. -Also termed judicium ecclesiasticum.

forum externum

n. [Latin "external tribunal"] Eccles. law. A court dealing with legal cases pertaining to or affecting the corporate life of the church. forum inconveniens. See FORUM NON CONVENIENS.

forum internum

n. [Latin "internal tribunal"] Eccles. law. A court of conscience; a court for matters of conscience.

forum ligeantiae rei

[Latin] Hist. The forum of the defendant's allegiance; the court or jurisdiction of the country to which the defendant owes allegiance.

forum non conveniens

[Latin "an unsuitable court"] Civil procedure. The doctrine that an appropriate forum - even though competent under the law - may divest itself of jurisdiction if, for the convenience of the litigants and the witnesses, it appears that the action should proceed in another forum in which the action might originally have been brought. - Also termed forum inconveniens.

forum originis

[Latin] Hist. The forum or place of a person's birth, considered as a place of jurisdiction.

forum regium

[Latin] Hist. The king's court.

forum rei

[Latin] Hist. 1. The forum of the defendant, i.e., the place where the defendant is domiciled or resides. 2. FORUM REI SITAE.

forum rei gestae

[Latin] Hist. The forum or court of a res gesta (thing done); the place where an act was done, considered as a place of jurisdiction.

forum rei sitae

[Latin] Hist. The court where the thing or subjectmatter in controversy is situated, considered as a place of jurisdiction. - Often shortened to forum rei.

forum seculare

[Latin] Hist. A secular court. - Also spelled forum saeculare.

forum state

Conflict of laws. The state in which a suit is filed.

forum-selection clause

A contractual provision in which the parties establish the place (such as the country, state, or type of court) for specified litigation between them. - Also termed forum-shopping clause. Cf. CHOICE-OFLAW CLAUSE.

forum-shopping

The practice of choosing the most favorable jurisdiction or court in which a claim might be heard. ( A plaintiff might engage in forum-shopping, for example, by filing suit in a jurisdiction with a reputation for high jury awards or by filing several similar suits and keeping the one with the preferred judge. Cf. JUDGE-SHOPPING.

forum-shopping clause

See FORUM-SELECTION CLAUSE.

inconvenient forum

See FORUM NON CONVENIENS.

limited public forum

See designated public forum under PUBLIC FORUM. limited-purpose public figure See PUBLIC FIGURE.

nonpublic forum

Constitutional law. Public property that is not designated or traditionally considered an arena for public communication, such as a jail or a military base. ( The government's means of regulating a nonpublic forum need only be reasonable and viewpoint-neutral to be constitutional. Cf. PUBLIC FORUM.

nontraditional public forum

See designated public forum under PUBLIC FORUM.

public forum

Constitutional law. Public property where people traditionally gather to express ideas and exchange views. ( To be con stitutional, the government's regulation of a public forum must be narrowly tailored to serve a significant government interest and must usu. be limited to time-place-or-manner restrictions. Cf. NONPUBLIC FORUM.

traditional public forum

Public property that has by long tradition - as opposed to governmental designation - been used by the public for assembly and expression, such as a public street, public sidewalk, or public park. ( To be constitutional, the government's content-neutral restrictions of the time, place, or manner of expression must be narrowly tailored to serve a significant government interest, and leave open ample alternative channels of communication. Any government regulation of expression that is based on the content of the expression must meet the even higher constitutional test of being narrowly tailored to serve a compelling state interest.