Legal Dictionary of Pakistan

Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.

Forma non observata, infertur adnullatio actus

When form is not observed, a nullity of the act is inferred.

Infer

ub. To conclude from facts or from factual reasoning; to draw as a conclusion or inference.

Nobilitas est duplex, superior et inferior

There are two sorts of nobility, the higher and the lower.

Non observata forma, infertur adnullatio actus

When the form has not been observed, an annulment of the act is inferred.

Pyramiding inferences, rule against

Evidence. A rule prohibiting a fact-finder from piling one inference on another to arrive at a conclusion. ( Today this rule is followed in only a few jurisdictions. Cf. REASONABLE-INFERENCE RULE.

adverse-inference rule

see adverse-interest rule.

de coelo usque ad inferos

[Latin] From heaven to the center of the earth. ( This phrase expressed a common-law maxim about the extent of a realproperty owner's ownership interest in the property.

inference

n. 1. A conclusion reached by considering other facts and deducing a logical consequence from them. 2. The process by which such a conclusion is reached; the process of thought by which one moves from evidence to proof. - infer, ub. - inferential, adj. - inferrer, n.

inference-on-inference rule

The principle that a presumption based on another presumption cannot serve as a basis for determining an ultimate fact.

inferential fact

A fact established by conclusions drawn from other evidence rather than from direct testimony or evidence; a fact derived logically from other facts.

inferior court

See COURT.

inferred authority

See incidental authority under AUTHORITY (1).

necessary inference

A conclusion that is unavoidable if the premise on which it is based is taken to be true.

permissive inference

See permissiue presumption under PRESUMPTION.

reasonable-inference rule

An evidentiary principle providing that a jury, in deciding a case, may properly consider any reasonable inference drawn from the evidence presented at trial.

same-actor inference

Employment law. The doctrine that when an employee is hired and fired by the same person, and the termination occurs a reasonably short time after the hiring, the termination will be presumed not to be based on a discriminatory reason.