Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Actus servi, in its quibus opera ejus communiter adhibita est, actus domini habetur
The act of a servant in those things in which he is usually employed is considered the act of his master.
Aequitas est correctio legis generaliter latae qua parte deficit
Equity is the correction of some part of the law where by reason of its generality it is defective.
Anniculus trecentesimo sexagesimo-quinto die dicitur, incipiente plane non exacto die, quia annum civiliter non ad momenta temporum sed ad dies numeramur
We call a child a year old on the 365th day, when the day is clearly begun but not ended, because we calculate the civil year not by moments, but by days.
Boni judicis est liter dirimere, ne lis ex lite oriatur
It is the role of a good judge to dispose of litigations so that one suit should not grow from another. 5 Coke 31a.
Breve ita dicitur, quia rein de qua agitur, et intentionem petentis, paucis verbis breviter enarrat
A writ is called a "breve" because it briefly states, in few words, the matter in dispute, and the object of the party seeking relief.
Cestuy que doit inheriter al Pere doit inheriter al fils
The person who should have inherited from the father should also inherit from the son.
Counterfeiter
A person who makes an unauthorized imitation of something (esp. a document, currency, or another's signature) with the intent to deceive or defraud.
Criminaliter
adu. [Latin] Criminally. Cf. CIVILITER.
Cum actio fuerit mere criminalis, institui poterit ab initio criminaliter vel civiliter
When an action is purely criminal, it can be instituted from the beginning either criminally or civilly.
Divinatio, non interpretatio, est quae omnino recedit a litera
It is a guess, not interpretation, that altogether departs from the letter.
Ex diuturnitate temporis omnia praesumuntur solenniter esse acta
From length of time, all things are presumed to have been done in due form.
Extra legem positus est civiliter mortuus.
An outlaw is dead as a citizen.
Generale dictum generaliter est interpretandum
A general expression is to be construed generally.
Generalia verba sunt generaliter intelligenda
General words are to be understood in a general sense.
Generalis clausula non porrigitur ad ea quae antea specialiter sunt comprehensa
A general clause does not extend to those things that have been previously provided for specifically.
Generalis regula generaliter est intelligenda
A general rule is to be understood generally.
Ignoscitur ei qui sanguinem suum qualiter redemptum voluit.
A person is forgiven who chose to purchase his own blood (or life) upon any terms whatsoever. ( Whatever a person may do under the fear of losing life or limb will not be held binding upon him in law. 1 Bl. Com. 127.
In pretio emptionis et venditionis naturaliter licet contrahentibus se circumvenire.
In setting the price for buying and selling, it is naturally allowed to the contracting parties to get the better of each other.
Inciter
A person who incites another to commit a crime; an aider or abettor.
Inviter
One who expressly or impliedly invites another onto the premises for business purposes. - Also spelled invitor. Cf. INVITEE.
Iter
[Latin] 1. Roman law. A servitude that allows the holder to walk or ride on horseback (but not drive a draft animal) through another's land. Cf. ACTUS (3); VIA (2). 2. Hist. A journey; esp., a circuit made by an eyre justice. See EYRE.
Iter est jus eundi, ambulandi hominis; non etiam jumentum agendi vel vehiculum
A way is a right of going or walking for a human being, and does not include the right of driving a beast of burden or a carriage.
Litera
n. [Latin "letter"] Hist. 1. A letter. 2. The letter of a law, as distinguished from its spirit. Pl. literae. - Also spelled litterae. See LETTER (3).
Literae patentes regis non erunt vacuae
Letters patent of the king will not be void.
Literal
adj. According to expressed language. ( Literal performance of a condition requires exact compliance with its terms.
Literary
adj. Of or relating to literature, books, or writings.
Literate
adj. 1. Able to read and write a language. 2. Knowledgeable and educated. - literacy, n.
Literature
n. [Latin fr. litera "a letter"] Hist. Education. ( Ad literaturam ponere means the right to educate one's children, esp. male children. During feudal times, servile tenants could not educate their children without the lord's consent.
Lloyd's underwriters
An unincorporated association of underwriters who, under a common name, engage in the insurance businessthrough an attorney-in-fact having authority to obligate the underwriters severally, within specified limits, on insurance contracts that the attorney makes or issues in the common name. - Also termed Lloyd's association; American Lloyd's.
Loitering
n. The criminal offense of remaining in a certain place (such as a public street) for no apparent reason. ( Loitering statutes aregenerally held to be unconstitutionally vague. - loiter, vb. Cf. VAGRANCY.
Memoriter
adu. [Latin "with an accurate memory"] From memory; by recollection. ( Memoriter proof of a written instrument is furnished by the recollection of a witness who knew the instrument.
Necessarium est quod non potest aliter se habere
That is necessary which cannot be otherwise.
Nemo aliquam partem recte intelligere potest, antequam totum iterum atque iterum perlegerit
No one can properly understand any part of a thing until he has read through the whole again and again.
Nemo enim aliquam partem recte intelligere possit antequam totum iterum atque iterum perlegerit
No one may be able rightly to understand one part before he has again and again read through the whole.
Non aliter a significatione verborum recedi oportet quam cum manifestum est aliud sensisse testatorem
We must depart from the (ordinary) significance of words only when it is evident that the testator had a different understanding. Dig. 32.69. pr.
Non dubitatur, etsi specialiter venditor evictionem non promiserit, re evicta, ex empto competere actionem
It is certain that even if the vendor has not given a special guarantee, an action ex empto lies against him, if the purchaser is evicted.
Non erit alia lex Romae, alia Athaenis; alia nunc, alia posthac; sed et omnes gentes, et omni tempore, una lex, et sempiterna, et immortalis continebit
There will not be one law at Rome, another at Athens; one law now, another hereafter; but one eternal and immortal law shall bind together all nations throughout all time.
Novum judicium non dat novum jus, sed declarat antiquum; quia judicium est juris dictum, et per judicium jus est noviter revelatum quod diu fuit velatum
A new judgment does not make a new right, but declares the old; because adjudication is the declaration of a right, and by adjudication the right is newly revealed which has long been hidden. 10 Coke 42.
Obliterate
vb. 1. To wipe out, rub off, or erase (a writing or other markings). 2. To remove from existence; to destroy all traces of. -obliteration, n. obliterated corner. See CORNER.
Omnia praesumuntur rite et solemniter esse acta
All things are presumed to have been rightly and regularly done.
Omnia praesumuntur rite et solemniter esse acta donee probetur in contrarium
All things are presumed to have been done regularly and with due formality until the contrary is proved.
Personaliter
adu. [Latin] Personally; in person.
Quamvis lex generaliter loquitur, restringenda tamen est, ut cessante ratione et ipsa cessat
Although a law speaks generally, it must bear some restriction, since the law ceases (or loses effect) when the reason ceases.
Quando lex est specialis, ratio autem generalis, generaliter lex est intelligenda
When the law is special, but its reason is general, the law is to be understood generally.
Quando verba statuti sunt specialia, ratio autem generalis, generaliter statutum est intelligendum
When the words of a statute are special, but the reason for it general, the statute is to be construed generally.
Qui doit inheriter al pere, doit inheriter al fitz
One who ought to inherit from the father ought to inherit from the son.
Qui haeret in litera, haeret in cortice
One who clings to the letter clings to the shell (or surface).
Quod non apparet non est, et non apparet judicialiter ante judicium
What appears not does not exist, and nothing appears judicially before judgment.
Regulariter non valet pactum de re mea non alienanda
As a rule, a contract not to alienate my property is not binding.
Rerum suarum quilibet est moderator et arbiter
Every one is the manager and disposer of his own matters.