Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Agentes et consentientes pari poena plectentur
Acting and consenting parties will be liable to the same punishment.
Clausula generalis de residuo non ea complectitur quae non ejusdem sint generis cum its quae speciatim dicta fuerant
A general clause of remainder does not embrace those things that are not of the same kind as those that had been specially mentioned.
Codex Repetitae Praelectionis
[Latin "code of the resumed reading"] Roman law. A revised version of the Justinian Code, published in A.D. 534. ( This code is divided into 12 books, and deals with ecclesiastical law, criminal law, administrative law, and private law. - Also termed Codex lustinianus Repetitae Praelectionis. See JUSTINIAN CODE.
Collecting bank
in the check-collection process, any bank handling an item for collection, except for the payor bank or the depository bank. Ucc § 4-105(5).
Collection
Banking. The process through which an item (such as a check) passes in a payor bank. See payor bank under BANK (1).
Consecratio est periodus electionis
electio est praeambula consecrationis. Consecration is the termination of election; election is the preamble of consecration.
Consentientes et agentes pari poena plectentur
Those consenting and those perpetrating will receive the same punishment.
Cujus est divisio, alterius est electio
When one of two parties has the division (of an estate), the other has the choice (of the shares). e In partition between coparceners, where the division is made by the eldest, the rule in English law is that she shall choose her share last.
Donationum alia perfecta, alia incepta et non perfecta; ut si donatio lecta fuit et concessa, ac traditio nondum fuerit subsecuta
Some gifts are perfect, others incipient and not perfect; for example, if a gift were read and agreed to, but delivery had not then followed.
Electa una via, non datur recursus ad alteram
When one way has been chosen, no recourse is given to another.
Electio est interna libera et spontanea separatio unius rei ab alia, sine compulsione, consistens in animo et voluntate
Election is an internal, free, and spontaneous separation of one thing from another, without compulsion, consisting in intention and will.
Electio semel facta, et placitum testatum, non patitur regressum
An election once made, and a plea witnessed (or intent shown), allows no going back.
Election
estoppel by. See estoppel by election under ESTOPPEL.
Electiones lant rite et libere sine interruptione aliqua
Let elections be made in due form and freely, without any interruption.
Elector
1. A member of the electoral college chosen to elect the President and Vice President. - Also termed presidential elector. 2. One who is qualified to vote; a voter. 3. A person who chooses between alternative rights or claims. 4. Hist. The title of certain German princes who had a voice in electing the Holy Roman Emperors. 0 This office sometimes became hereditary and was connected with territorial possessions.
Electronic Data Interchange agreement
See EDI AGREEMENT.
Est autem jus publicum et privatum quod ex naturalibus praeceptis aut gentium aut civilibus est collectum; et quod in jure scripto jus appellatur, id in lege Angliae rectum esse dicitur
Public and private law is that which is collected either from natural precepts of the (law of) nations or from civil precepts; and that which in the civil law is called jus is said in the law of England to be right. Co. 1Jtt. 558.
Globe election.
Labor law. The procedure by which a group of employees is given the opportunity to decide whether to be represented as a distinct group or to be represented as a part of a larger, existing unit. Globe Machine & Stamping Co., 3 NLRB 294 (1937). - Also termed self-determination election.
Haeres est nomen collectivum
"Heir' -is a collective noun.
In alternativis electio est debitoris
The debt or has the choice among alternatives.
LEC
abbr. LOCAL-EXCHANGE CARRIER.
Leccator
[Latin] Archaic. A debauched person; a lecher. - Also termed lecator.
Lecherwite
See LAIRWITE.
Multa ignoramus quae nobis non laterent si veterum lectio nobis fuit familiaris
We are ignorant of many things that would not be hidden from us if the reading of old authors were familiar to us.
Neglect
n. The omission of proper attention to a person or thing, whether inadvertent, negligent, or willful; the act or condition of disregarding. - neglect, ub. - neglectful, adj. Neglect' is not the same thing as negligence'. In the present connection the word neglect' indicates, as a purely objective fact, that a person has not done that which it was his duty to do; it does not indicate the reason for this failure. Negligence, on the other hand, is a subjective state of mind, and it indicates a particular reason why the man has failed to do his duty, namely because he has not kept the performance of the duty in his mind as he ought to have done. A man can neglect' his duty either intentionally or negligently." J.W. Cecil Turner, Kenny's Outlines of Criminal Law 108 n.l (16th ed. 1952).
Nobiles magis plectuntur pecunia, plebes vero in corpore
The higher classes are more punished in money, but the lower in person.
Omne mqjus minus in se complectitur
Every greater thing embraces in itself the lesser.
Quod semel placuit in electione, amplius displicere non potest
That which in making his election a man has once decided, he cannot afterwards disavow.
Selective Service System
An executive agency charged with maintaining records of all persons eligible for military service. - Abbr. SSS.
Selectman
A municipal officer elected annually in some New England towns to transact business and perform some executive functions.
Telecopier
See FAX (2).
Verba mere aequivoca, si per communern usum loquendi in intellectu certo sumun tur, talis intellectus praeferendus est
When words are purely equivocal, if by con mon usage of speech they are taken in a ce-a ~: meaning, such meaning is to be preferred.
Verba offendi possunt, imo ab eis recedere licet, ut verba ad sanum intellectum reducantur
The words can be faulted-indeed, it is permitted to depart from them, in order that the words may be restored to a sensible meaning.
Verba ordinationis, quando verificari possunt in sua vera significatione, trahi ad extraneum intellectum non debent
When the words of an ordinance can be made true in their true signification, they ought not to be warped to a foreign meaning.
brevia selecta
[Latin "selected writs"] Choice or selected writs or processes. - Abbr. brev. sel.
by-election
An election specially held to fill a vacant post. - Also spelled bye-election. Cf. general election.
certificate of election
A document issued by a governor, board of elections, or other competent authority certifying that the named person has been duly elected.
child neglect
The failure of a person responsible for a minor to care for the minor's emotion al or physical needs.
child neglect.
See CHILD NEGLECT.
clear-reflection-of-income standard
Tax. An income-accounting method that the IRS can force on a taxpayer if the method used does not clearly reflect income. IRC § 446(b).
collectability
The relative ability of a judgment creditor to make a judgment debtor pay the amount of the judgment; the degree to which a judgment can be satisfied through collection efforts against the defendant
collecting bank
See BANK.
collection indorsement
See restrictive endorsement.
collection item
An item (such as a documentary draft) taken by a bank for a customer's account, but not credited until payment for the item has actually been received. See documentary draft under DRAFT (1).
collective bargaining
Negotiations between an employer and the representatives of organized employees to determine the conditions of employment, such as wages, hours, and fringe benefits. See CONCESSION BARGAINING. "Collective bargaining means the joint determination by employees and employers of the problems of the employment relationship. Such problems include wage rates and wage systems, hours and overtime, vacations, discipline, work loads, classification of employees, layoffs, and worker retirement. The advent of collective bargaining does not give rise to these problems. Rather they are germane to the industrial relations environment, and exist with or without unionization." Benjamin J. Taylor & Fred Whitney, Labor Relations Law 3 (1971).
collective mark
See COLLECTIVE MARK.
collective measure
Int'l law. An activity undertaken by more than one country to achieve an agreed-upon end. ( The countries involved may undertake a collective measure either in an ad hoc manner or through an institutionalized association.
collective punishment
A penalty inflicted on a group of persons without regard to individual responsibility for the conduct giving rise to the penalty. ( Collective punishment was outlawed in 1949 by the Geneva Convention.
collective trademark
See COLLECTIVE MARK.
collective work
Copyright. 1. A publication (such as a periodical issue, anthology, or encyclopedia) in which several contributions, constituting separate and independent works in themselves, are assembled into a copyrightable whole. 2. A selection and arrangement of brief portions of different movies, television shows, or radio shows into a single copyrightable work. ( If the selecting and arranging involves any originality, the person who selects and arranges the clips may claim a copyright even if copyright cannot be claimed in the individual component parts. Cf. COMPILATION (1)