Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Learned
adj. 1. Having a great deal of learning; erudite. ( A lawyer might refer to an adversary as a "learned colleague" or "learned opponent," which may be, depending on tone of voice, either a genuine compliment or a subtle slight. 2. Well-versed in the law and its history. ( Statutes sometimes require that judges be "learned in the law," a phrase commonly construed as meaning that they must have received a regular legal education.
learned intermediary
See informed intermediary under INTERMEDIARY.
learned-intermediary doctrine
The principle that a prescription-drug manufacturer fulfills its duty to warn of a drug's potentially harmful effects by informing the prescribing physician, rather than the end-user, of those effects.
learned-treatise rule
Evidence. An exception to the hearsay rule, by which a published text may be established as authoritative, either by expert testimony or by judicial notice. ( Under the Federal Rules of Evidence, a statement contained in a published treatise, periodical, or pamphlet on sciences or arts (such as history and medicine) can be established as authoritative - and thereby admitted into evidence for the purpose of examining or cross-examining an expert witness - by expert testimony or by the court taking judicial notice of the authoritative nature or reliability of the text. If the statement is admitted into evidence, it may be read into the trial record, but it may not be received as an exhibit. Fed. R. Evid. 803(18).