Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Critical Legal Studies
1 A school of thought advancing the idea that the legal system's manipulative nature masks its true function. which, according to the predominant Marxist wing of this school, is to perpetuate the socioeconomic status quo. 2. The body of work produced by adherents to this school of thought. -Abbr. CLS.
Exlegalitas
n. [Law Latin] Hist. 1. Outlawry; outside the law's protection. 2. A person who is prosecuted as an outlaw.
Forma legalis forma essentialis
Legal form is essential form.
Illegal
adj. Forbidden by law; unlawful <illegal dumping> <an illegal drug>.
Illegality
n. 1. An act that is not authorized by law. 2. The state of not being legally authorized. "A contract made ultra wires is void; but not [strictly speaking] on the ground of illegality. Lord Cairns ... takes exception to the use of the term 'illegality,' pointing out that it is not the object of the contracting parties, but the incapacity of one of them, that avoids the contract." William R. Anson, Principles of the Law of Contract 190 (Arthur L. Corbin ed., 3d Am. ed. 1919)."It must not be thought that illegality in the law of contract is co-terminous with illegality in the criminal law, for a contract may be illegal without involving any breach of the criminal law at all." P.S. Atiyah, An Introduction to the Law of Contract 257 (3d ed. 1981). 3. The state or condition of being unlawful. 9 The affirmative defense of illegality must be expressly set forth in the response to the opponent's pleading. Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(c). - illegal, adj. illegally obtained evidence . See EVIDENCE.
Legal
adj. 1. Of or relating to law; falling within the province of law <pro bono legal services>. 2. Established, required, or permitted by law; LAWFUL <it is legal to carry a concealed handgun in some states>. 3. Of or relating to law as opposed to equity.
Legal Code
See CODE (2).
Legal Services Corporation
A corporation established by the Legal Services Corporation Act of 1974 (42 USCA ยง 2996) to provide legal help to clients who cannot afford legal services.
Legal asset
a decedent's asset that by law is subject to the claims of creditors or legacies. - also termed probate asset
Legal impossibility
is a defense to the crime of attempt.impossibility-of-performance doctrine
Legalese
The jargon characteristically used by lawyers, esp. in legal documents <the partner chided the associate about the rampant legalese in the draft sublease>. Cf. PLAIN-LANGUAGE MOVEMENT.
Legalism
n. 1. Formalism carried almost to the point of meaninglessness; an inclination to exalt the importance of law or formulated rules in any area of action. "What is legalism? It is the ethical attitude that holds moral conduct to be a matter of rule following, and moral relationships to consist of duties and rights determined by rules." Judith N. Shklar, Legalism: Law, Morals, and Political Trials 1 (1964). "If ... the law and the lawyer are to make a socially valuable contribution to the operation of the social security system, there must be abandoned old-established habits of thought as to the nature of law and the whole gamut of practices summed up in the layman's word of deadly insult, 'legalism' - his word for rigid attachment to legal precedent, the substitution of legal rule for policy, the fettering of discretion, the adversary style, the taking of technical points, formality." Leslie Scarman, English Law - The New Dimension 43 (1974). 2. A mode of expression characteristic of lawyers; a jargonistic phrase characteristic of lawyers, such as "pursuant to."
Legalist
n. A person who views things from a legal or formalistic standpoint; esp., one who believes in strict adherence to the letter of the law rather than its spirit.
Legalistic
adj. Characterized by legalism; exalting the importance of law or formulated rules in any area of action <a legalistic argument>.
Legality
1 Strict adherence to law, prescription, or doctrine; the quality of being legal. 2. The principle that a person may not be prosecuted under a criminal law that has not been previously published. - Also termed (in sense 2) principle of legality.
Legalize
ub.1.To make lawful; to authorize or justify by legal sanction <the bill to legalize marijuana never made it to the Senate floor>. 2. To imbue with the spirit of the law; to make legalistic <legalized conceptions of religion. - legalization, n.
Legally
adu. In a lawful way; in a manner that accords with the law.
Medicolegal
adj. Involving the application of medical science to law <the coroner's medicolegal functions>. See FORENSIC MEDICINE.
Paralegal
n. A person who assists a lawyer in duties related to the practice of law but who is not a licensed attorney. - Also termed legal assistant; legal analyst. - paralegal, adj.
Paralegalize
vb. Slang. To proofread, citecheck, and otherwise double-check the details in (a legal document).
Preterlegal
adj. Rare. Beyond the range of what is legal; not according to law <preterlegal customs>.
Ratio potest allegari deficiente lege, sed vera et legalis et non apparens
A reason can be adduced when the law is defective, but it must be a true and legal reason, and not specious (or apparent).
Similitudo legalis est casuum diversorum inter se collatorum similis ratio; quod in uno similium valet, valebit in altero
Legal similarity is a similar reason that governs various cases when compared with each other, for what avails in one similar case will avail in the other.
Supralegal
adj. Above or beyond the law <a supralegal sovereign>.
alegal
adj. outside the sphere of law; not classifiable as being legal or illegal <the law often treats the promises of unmarried cohabitants as contractual words rather than alegal words of commitment>. - alegality, n.
arresting the suspect. ( Such testimony may be given when an arrest has been made without probable cause, as when illegal substances have been found through an improper search. expert testimony
See expert evidence under EVIDENCE.
board of legal specialization.
A body, usu. an arm of a state bar association, that certifies qualified lawyers as specialists within a given field. 0 Typically, to qualify as a specialist, a lawyer must meet a specified level of experience, pass an examination, and provide favorable recommendations from peers.
clinical legal studies
Law-school training in which students participate in actual cases under the supervision of a practicing attorney or law professor. Often shortened to clinical studies.
continuing legal education
1 The process or system through which lawyers extend their learning beyond their law-school studies, usu. by attending seminars designed to sharpen lawyering skills or to provide updates on legal developments within particular practice areas. ( In some jurisdictions, lawyers have annual or biennial requirements to devote a given number of hours (usu. 12-15) to continuing legal education. 2. The enhanced skills or knowledgederived from this process. 3. The business field in which educational providers supply the demand for legal seminars, books, audiotapes, and videotapes designed to further the education of lawyers. - Abbr. CLE. continuing nuisance. See NUISANCE. continuing objection. See OBJECTION continuing offense. See OFFENSE (1 continuing part-time judge. See JUDGE. continuing trespass. See TRESPASS.
de pace et legalitate tenenda
[Latin] Hist. A writ for keeping the peace and adherence to the laws (or good behavior). - Also termed de pace et legalitate tuenda.
extralegal
adj. Beyond the province of law.
fair and proper legal assessment
See EQUALIZATION.
general legal principle.
See GENERAL PRINCIPLE OF LAW.
illegal alien
See ALIEN.
illegal alien.
an alien who enters a country at the wrong time or place, eludes an examination by officials, obtains entry by fraud, or enters into a sham marriage to evade immigration laws. - also termed undocumented alien.
illegal consideration
Consideration that is contrary to the law or public policy, or prejudicial to the public interest. ( Such consideration does not support a contract.
illegal contract
A promise that is prohibited because the performance, formation, or object of the agreement is against the law.Technically speaking, an illegal contract is not a contract at all, so the phrase is a misnomer. "An illegal contract is exceptionally difficult to define. It does not merely mean a contract contrary to the criminal law, although such a contract would indubitably be illegal. But a contract can well be illegal without contravening the criminal law, because there are certain activities which the law does not actually prohibit, but at the same time regards as contrary to the public interest and definitely to be discouraged, for instance, prostitution. While a void contract is not necessarily illegal, an illegal contract is often void. However, the consequences of an illegal contract differ somewhat from those usually produced by a simply void contract, so illegal contracts are usually accorde
illegal entry.
1. Criminal law. The unlawful act of going into a building with the intent to commit a crime. ( In some jurisdictions, illegal entry is a lesser included offense of burglary. 2. Immigration. The unauthorized entrance of an alien into the United States by arriving at the wrong time or place, by evading inspection, or by fraud.
illegal per se
Unlawful in and of itself.
illegal rate
An interest rate higher than the rate allowed by law. See USURY.
illegal search
See unreasonable search.
illegal search.
See unreasonable search under SEARCH.
illegal strike
1 A strike using unlawful procedures. 2. A strike to obtain unlawful objectives, as in a strike to force an employer to stop doing business with a particular company.
illegal strike.
See STRIKE.
illegal subdivision
The division of a wz of land into smaller parcels in violation of local subdivision regulations, as when a developer begins laying out streets, installing sewer and utility lines, and constructing houses without the authorization of the local planning commission.
illegal tax
See erroneous tax.
illegal tax.
See erroneous tax under TAX.
illegally obtained evidence
Evidence obtained by violating a statute or a person's Fourth Amendment guarantee against unreasonable searches or Fifth Amendment right to remain silent.
induciae legales
[Latin] Civil & Scots law. The days allowed after summons for a defendant to appear in court.
injury in fact. An actual or imminent invasion of a legally protected interest, in contrast to an invasion
that is conjectural or hypothetical. a An injury in fact gives the victim standing to bring an action for damages.