Legal Dictionary of Pakistan

Baseline.

int'l law. The line that divides the land from the sea, by which the extent of a coastal jurisdiction is measured.

Below-the-line

adj. (of a deduction) taken after calculating adjusted gross income and before calculating taxable income. ( examples of below-the-line deductions are medical payments and local taxes. Cf. Above-the-line.

Discipline

n. 1. Punishment intended to correct or instruct; esp., a sanction or penalty imposed after an official finding of misconduct. 2. Control gained by enforcing compliance or order. 3. Military law. A state of mind inducing instant obedience to a lawful order, no matter how unpleasant or dangerous such compliance might be. - discipline, ub. - disciplinary, adj.

Interest reipublicae ut pax in regno conservetur et quaecunque paci adversentur provide declinentur.

It is in the interest of the state to preserve peace in the kingdom and prudently to decline whatever is adverse to it.

Line

n. 1. A demarcation, border, or limit <the line between right and wrong>. 2. A person's occupation or business <what line of business is Watson in?>. 3. The ancestry of a person; lineage <the Fergusons came from a long line of wheat farmers>.

Linea

n. [Latin "line"] Hist. A line of descent.

Linea recta est index sui et obliqui; lex est linea recta

A right line is an index of itself and of an oblique; law is a right line. Co. Litt. 158b.

Linea recta semper praefertur transversali

The right line is always preferred to the collateral.

Lineage

Ancestry and progeny; family, ascending or descending.

Lineal

adj. Derived from or relating to common ancestors, esp. in a direct line; hereditary. Cf. COLLATERAL (1).

Lineup

A police identification procedure in which a criminal suspect and other physically similar persons are shown to the victim or a witness to determine whether the suspect can be identified as the perpetrator of the crime. -Also termed (in BrE) identification parade. Cf. SHOWUP.

above-the-line

(Of a deduction) taken after calculating gross income and before calculating adjusted gross income. * Examples of above-the-line deductions are IRA contributions and moving expenses. Formerly, individual tax returns had a dark line above which these deductions were written. Cf. BELOW-THELINE. abpatruus (ab-pa-troo-as), n. [Latin] Roman & civil law. A great-great-great uncle. - Also termed patruus maximus.

accommodation line

Insurance. One or more policies that an insurer issues to retain the business of a valued agent, broker, or customer, even though the risk would not be accepted under the insurer's usual standards. accommodation loan. See LOAN. accommodation maker. See MAKER. accommodation note. See NOTE (1),

advance-decline index

A stock-market indicator showing the cumulative net difference between stock-price advances and declines.

advance-decline index.

see index (2).

bright-line rule

A judicial rule of decision that tends to resolve issues, esp. ambiguities, simply and straightforwardly, sometimes sacrificing equity for certainty. bring to book To arrest and try (an offender) <the fugitives were brought to book and convicted > .

building line

A boundary drawn along a curb or the edge of a municipality's sidewalks to establish how far a building must be set away from the street to maintain a uniform appearance. ( This is often referred to as a setback requirement.

collateral line

A line of descent connecting persons who are not directly related to each other as ascendants or descendants, but whose relationship consists in common descent from the same ancestor.

credit line

See LINE OF CREDIT.

demarcation line

Int'Z law. A provisional border having the function of separating territories under different jurisdictions, usu. established when the political situation does not admit a final boundary arrangement. - Also termed line of demarcation.

direct line

end lines.

Mining law. A claim's lines, as platted or laid down on the ground, that mark its boundaries on the shorter dimension, where the claim crosses the vein, in contrast to side lines, which mark the longer dimension and follow the course of the vein. 0 With reference to the apex rule, if the claim as a whole crosses the vein instead of following its course, the end lines will become the side lines and vice versa. Cf. SIDE LINES; APEX RULE.

esp., an imaginary line drawn lengthwise through the middle of a stream's current. mid-level scrutiny

See INTERMEDIATE SCRUTINY.

excess lines insurance

See surplus lines insurance.

excess-lines insurance

See surplus-lines insurance underINSURANCE.

harbor line.

A line marking the boundary of a certain part of public water that is reserved for a harbor; esp., the line beyond which wharves and other structures may not extend.

high-water line

See high-water mark under WATER MARK.

interlineation

n. 1. The act of writing something between the lines of an earlier writing. 2. Something written between the lines of an earlier writing. - interline, ub. Cf. INTERPOLATION.

line of credit

The maximum amount of borrowing power extended to a borrower by a given lender, to be drawn upon by the borrower as needed. - Also termed credit line.

line of demarcation

See DEMARCATION LINE.

line of title

CHAIN OF TITLE.

line-item veto

The executive's power to veto some provisions in a legislative bill without affecting other provisions. ( The U.S. Supreme Court declared the presidential lineitem veto unconstitutional in 1998. See Clinton u. City of New York, 524 U.S. 417, 118 S.Ct. 2091 (1998). - Also termed item veto.

linea directa

n. [Latin "direct line"] Roman law. The relationship among persons in the direct line of ascent and descent, such as grandfather, father, and son.

linea oblique

See linea transversa under LINEA.

linea reta

See LINEA.

linea transuersalis

See LINEA.

linea transversa

n. [Latin "transverse line"] Roman law. The relationship between persons in the collateral line of descent, such as uncle and nephew. -Also termed linea obliqua.

lineal consanguinity

The relationship between persons who are directly descended or a:,cended from one another (for example,mother and daughter, great-grandfather and ez-andson, etc.).

lineal descent

Descent in a direct or straight line, as from father or grandfather to son or grandson. - Also termed direct-line descent.

lineal heir

A person who is either an ancestor or a descendant of the decedent, such as a parent or child. Cf. collateral heir.

lineal warranty

Hist. A warranty existing when an heir derives title to land from the warrantor; a warranty from the same ancestor as the one from whom the land derived.

lines and corners

See METES AND BOUNDS.

load line

Maritime law. 1. The depth to which a safely loaded ship will sink in salt water. 2. One of a set of graduated marks on the side of a ship, indicating the depth to which the ship can be loaded in varying waters (such as salt water or freshwater) and weather conditions. ( Load lines must, by law in most maritime countries, be cut and painted amidships. - Also termed (in sense 2) load-line marks; Plimsoll marks. "The interest of shipowners led them, in early times, to load vessels to a point beyond safety; the greater the weight of the vessel's load, of course, the lower she rides in the water, and the more vulnerable she is to heavy seas. Many seamen consequently lost their lives. Britain led the way in establishing standards of depth in the water believed to be safe; Samuel Plimsoll, M.P., was the moving spirit, and gave his name to the Plimsoll mark, now seen on the side of all large vessels, which marks the limits of safety for different seas and seasons. Since 1929, the United States has made mandatory the placing of and compliance with loadline marks ...." Grant Gilmore & Charles L. Black, Jr., The Law of Admiralty § 11-12, at 987 (2d ed. 1975).

lot line

A land boundary that separates one tract from another <from the street to the alley, the lot line is 150 feet>.

maternal line

A person's ancestry or relationship with another traced through the mother.

maternal-line descent

See DESCENT.

meander line

A survey line (not a boundary line) on a portion of land, usu. following the course of a river or stream.

middle line of main channel

The equidistant point in the main channel of the river between the well-defined banks on either shore; the middle thread of a river's current. - Also termed mid-channel; middle of the river.

midnight deadline.

A time limit for doing something, ending at midnight on a particular day. ( For a bank, the midnight deadline is midnight on the next banking day following the day on which the bank receives the relevant item or from which the time for taking action begins to run, whichever is later. UCC § 4-104(a)(10).

paternal line

See LINE.