Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Marine Court in the City of New York
The New York City court, originally created to resolve seamen's disputes, that was the predecessor of the City Court of New York. marine insurance See INSURANCE.
New
adj. 1. (Of a person, animal or thing) recently come into being <the new car was shipped from the factory this morning>. 2. (Of any thing) recently discovered <a new cure for cancer>. 3. (Of a person or condition) changed from the former state < she has a new state of mind>. 4. Unfamiliar; unaccustomed <she asked for directions because she was new to the area>. 5. Beginning afresh <a new day in court > .
New Inn.
Hist. English law. One of the Inns of Chancery (collegiate houses) in which law students were placed before entering the Inns of Court. ( This practice continued until approximately 1650, when the buildings began to be used only by attorneys and solicitors. See INNS OF CHANCERY. Cf. INNS OF COURT.
New York Stock Exchange
An unincorporated association of member firms that handle the purchase and sale of securities both for themselves and for customers. 0 This exchange, the dominant one in the United States, trades in only large companies having at least one million outstanding shares. - Abbr. NYSE.
New York Supplement
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from intermediate and lower courts of record in New York, from 1888 to date. 0 The first series ran from 1888 to 1937; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. N.Y.S.; N.Y.S.2d.
New York Times rule
A commonsense rule of ethical conduct holding that one should not do anything arguably newsworthy - in public or in private - that one would mind having reported on the front page of a major newspaper. ( In various communities, a local newspaper is substituted for the Times. - Also termed New York Times test; New York Times v. Sullivan rule. See actual malice under MALICE.
New York interest
See Boston interest under INTEREST (3).
New York standard clause
See MORTGAGELOSS CLAUSE.
New asset. Wills & estates.
In the administration of a decedent's estate, property that the administrator or executor receives after the time has expired to file claims against the estate.
New assignment
hist. A plaintiff's restatement of a claim because the first complaint did not contain sufficient details. ( the purpose was to allow a plaintiff to reply to a defendant's responsive plea that did not address the plaintiffs specific claim because the complaint was too general. New assignment has been replaced by amended pleadings. -also termed novel assignment.
Newly discovered evidence.
See EVIDENCE.
Nonrenewal
A failure to renew something, such as a lease or an insurance policy. nonreporting issuer See ISSUER.
Renewal
n. 1. The act of restoring or reestablishing. 2. The re-creation of a legal relationship or the replacement of an old contract with a new contract, as opposed to the mere extension of a previous relationship or contract. -renew, ub. Cf. EXTENSION (1); REVIVAL (1).
bill for a new trial.
A bill in equity to enjoin a judgment and to obtain a new trial because of some fact that would render enforcement of the judgment inequitable. The fact must have been either unavailable or unknown to the party at trial due to fraud or accident. Cf. MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL.
covenant to renew
An executory contract that gives a lessee the right to renew the lease.
daily newspaper
A newspaper customarily published five to seven days every week. -Often shortened to daily.
deduction for new
See NEW-FOR-OLD (1)
false news
Hist. The misdemeanor of spreading false information that causes discord between the monarch and the people or between important people in the realm. 3 Edw. I, ch. 34.
legal newspaper
See NEWSPAPER.
legal newspaper.
A newspaper containing matters of legal interest including summaries of cases, legal advertisements, legislative or regulatory changes, and local bankruptcy notices.
main channel.English Channel>. 4. A mode of transmitting something <the news channel>.
The bed over which the principal volume of water flows; the deepest and most navigable part of a channel. natural channel. The naturally formed bed and banks of a stream .natural flood channel. A channel through which floodwaters naturally accumulate and flow downstream.2. The line of deep water that vessels follow <a shipping channel>. 3. A water route between two islands or an island and a continent <the
motion for a new trial
See MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL.
motion for new trial
A party's post judgment request that the court vacate the judgment and order a new trial for such reasons as factually insufficient evidence, newly discovered evidence, or jury misconduct. ( In many jurisdictions, this motion is required before a party can raise such matters on appeal. - Also termed motion for a new trial.
new acquisition
See ACQUISITION.
new acquisition.
An estate not originating from descent, devise, or gift from the parental or maternal line of the owner. For example, an estate acquired from a nonrelative is a new acquisition. See nonancestral estate under ESTATE.
new and useful
Patents. Two of the requirements for an invention to be patentable -namely, that the invention be novel and that it have practical utility. 35 USCA § 101. See PATENT (3).
new asset.
See ASSET.
new assignment
See ASSIGNMENT (5).
new cause of action
A claim not arising out of or relating to the conduct, occurrence, or transaction contained in the original pleading. ( An amended pleading often relates back to the date the original pleading was filed. Thus, a plaintiff may add claims to a suit without facing a statute-of-limitations bar, as long as the original pleading was filed in time to satisfy the statute. But if the amended pleading adds a claim that arises out of a different transaction or occurrence, or out of different alleged conduct, the amendment does not relate back to the date the original pleading was filed. Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c).3. Loosely, a lawsuit <there are four defendants in the pending cause of action>.
new cause of action.
See CAUSE OF ACTION,
new debtor
Secured transactions. A person that becomes bound as debtor under a security agreement previously entered into by another person. UCC §§ 9-102(a)(39), 9-203(c).
new debtor.
See DEBTOR.
new drug
A drug that experts have not recognized as safe and effective for use under the conditions prescribed. 21 USCA § 321(p)(1). ( The Food and Drug Administration must approve all new drugs before they can be marketed.
new drug.
See DRUG.
new issue.
See ISSUE (2)
new matter
A matter not previously raised by either party in the pleadings, usu. involving new issues with new facts to be proved.
new matter.
See MATTER.
new promise
See PROMISE.
new ruling
Criminal procedure. A Supreme Court ruling not dictated by precedent existing when the defendant's conviction became final and thus not applicable retroactively to habeas cases. ( For example, when the Court in Ford u. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 399, 106 S.Ct. 2595 (1986), ruled that the Eighth Amendment prohibits execution of insane prisoners, this new ruling was nonretroactive because it departed so widely from prior doctrine. Teague u. Lane, 489 U.S. 288, 109 S.Ct. 1060 (1989).
new series.
See N.S.
new style.
The modern system for ordering time according to the Gregorian method, introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 and adopted in England and the American colonies in 1752. 0 Because the Julian calendar was slightly longer than the astronomical year, the vernal equinox was displaced by ten days. Pope Gregory reformed the calendar by announcing that October 5, 1582 would be called October 15. And, while generally retaining a leap year for years divisible by 4, he skipped leap years in years divisible by 100 (such as 1800 and 1900), but retained leap years for years divisible by 400 (such as 2000). Thus, the years 2000, 2004, 2008, etc. are leap years, but 2100 is not. -Abbr. n.s. - Also termed Gregorian calendar. Cf. OLD STYLE.
new trial
A postjudgment retrial or reexamination of some or all of the issues determined in an earlier judgment. ( The trial court may order a new trial, either by motion of a party or on the court's own initiative. Also, an appellate court, in reversing the trial court's judgment, may remand the case to the trial court for a new trial on some or all of the issues on which the reversal is based. Fed. R. Civ. P. 59. See MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL; REMAND.
new value
1 A value (such as money) that is newly given. 2. The value obtained by
new value.
See VALUE.
new works
Civil law. A structure newly commenced on a particular estate. * A denunciation of new works is a remedy allowed for an adjacent landowner whose property will be injured if the structure is completed.
new-business rule.
The principle precluding an award of damages for lost profits to a business with no recent record of profitability, because the damages would be too speculative.
new-contract dispute
See major dispute under DISPUTE.
new-debtor syndrome.
Conduct showing a debtor's bad faith in filing for bankruptcy, as a result of which the court may dismiss the bankruptcy petition. ( An example is the debtor's formation of a corporation, immediately before the bankruptcy filing, solely to take advantage of the bankruptcy laws.
new-for-old.
1. Marine insurance. In adjusting a partial marine-insurance loss, the principle that old materials apply toward payment of the new, so that the old material's value is deducted from the total repair expenses, and then from that balance one-third of the cost of repairs (one-third of the new materials for the old on the balance) is deducted and charged against the insured shipowner. - Also termed deduction for new. 2. The principle that a party whose property has been damaged is entitled to recover only the amount necessary to restore the property to the condition it was in before the damage, instead of acquiring a new item to replace one that was old and depreciated.
new-loan fee.
See MORTGAGE DISCOUNT