Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Actus inceptus cujus perfectio pendet ex voluntate partium revocari potest; si autem pendet ex voluntate tertiae personae, velex contingenti, revocari non potest
An act already begun whose completion depends upon the will of the parties may be recalled; but if it depends on consent of a third person or on a contingency, it cannot be recalled.
Automatic perfection
see perfection.
Donationum alia perfecta, alia incepta et non perfecta; ut si donatio lecta fuit et concessa, ac traditio nondum fuerit subsecuta
Some gifts are perfect, others incipient and not perfect; for example, if a gift were read and agreed to, but delivery had not then followed.
Est quiddam perfectius in rebus licitis
There is something more perfect to thing; that are permittined.
Id perfectum est quod ex omnibus suis partibus constat
That is perfect which is complete in all its parts.
Leges naturae perfectissimae sunt et immutabiles; humani vero juris conditio semper in infinitum decurrit, et nihil est in eo quod perpetuo stare posit
The laws of nature are most perfect and immutable; but the condition of human law is an unending succession, and there is nothing in it that can stand forever.
Lex aequitate gaudet; appetit perfectum; est norma recti
The law delights in equity: it covets perfection; it is a rule of right.
Natura appetit perfectum, ita et lex
Nature aspires to perfection, and so does the law.
Nihil perfectum est dum aliquid restat agendum
Nothing is perfect while something remains to be done.
Nihil simul inventum est et perfectum
Nothing is invented and perfected at the same moment.
Non videtur perfecte cujusque id esse quod ex casu auferri potest
A thing is not considered completely to belong to anyone if it can be taken from him by chance (or occasion).
Perfect
ub. To take all legal steps needed to complete, secure, or record (a claim, right, or interest); to put in final conformity with the law <perfect a security interest> <perfect the title>.
Perfectum est cui nihil deest secundum suae perfectionis vel naturae modum
That is perfect which lacks nothing according to the measure of its perfection or nature.
Verbum imperfecti temporis rem adhuc imperfectam significant
The verb in the imperfect tense indicates a matter as yet incomplete.
aetas perfecta
n. [latin] roman law. complete age; the age of majority.
automatic perfection
The self-operative perfection of a purchase-money security interest without filing or without possession of the collateral. ( The security interest is perfected simply by the attachment of the security interest, without any additional steps. See purchase-money security interest under SECURITY INTEREST.
imperfect duty
1. A duty that, though recognized by law, is not enforceable against the person who owes it. 2. A duty that is not fit for enforcement but should be left to the discretion and conscience of the person whose duty it is.
imperfect justification
A reason or cause that is insufficient to completely justify a defendant's behavior but that can be used to mitigate criminal punishment.
imperfect justification.
See JUSTIFICATION.
imperfect right
A right that is recognized by the law but is not enforceable. ( Examples include time-barred claims and claims exceeding the local limits of a court's jurisdiction.
imperfect self-defense
See SELF-DEFENSE.
imperfect statute
A law that prohibits, but does not render void, an objectionable transaction. ( Such a statute provides a penalty for disobedience without depriving the violative transaction of its legal effect.
imperfect title
A title that requires a further exercise of the granting power to pass land in fee, or that does not convey full and absolute dominion.
imperfect trust
See executory trust.
imperfect usufruct
See quasi-usufruct under USUFRUCT.
imperfect war
A war limited in terms of places, persons, and things.
perfect attestation clause
A provision in a testamentary instrument asserting that all actions required to make a valid testamentary disposition have been performed. perfect competition See COMPETITION,
perfect competition
A completely efficient market situation characterized by numerous buyers and sellers, a homogeneous product, perfect information for all parties, and complete freedom to move in and out of the market. ( Perfect competition rarely if ever exists, but antitrust scholars often use the theory as a standard for measuring market performance.
perfect duty
See DUTY (1),
perfect equity
An equitable title or right that, to be a legal title, lacks only the formal conveyance or other investiture that would make it cognizable at law; esp., the equity of a real-estate purchaser who has paid the full amount due but has not yet received a deed. secret equity. See latent equity. 6. The right to decide matters in equity; equity jurisdiction <the court decided that the wrong was egregious enough to ignore the statute of limitations and decide the case in equity>. 7. The amount by which the value of or an interest in property exceeds secured claims or liens; the difference between the value of the property and all encumbrances upon it <thanks to the real-estate boom, the mortgaged house still had high equity>. - Also termed cushion. 8. An ownership interest in property, esp. in a business <the founders gave her equity in the business in return for all her help>. See OWNERS' EQUITY. 9. A share in a publicly traded company <he did not want to cash in his equity>.
perfect instrument
See INSTRUMEN'
perfect instrument.
An instrument (such as a deed or mortgage) that is executed and filed with a public registry.
perfect right
A right that is recognized by the law and is fully enforceable.
perfect self-defense
The use of force by one who accurately appraises the necessity and the amount of force to repel an attack. 2. Int'L law. The right of a state to defend itself against a real or threatened attack. - Also spelled (esp. in BrE) self-defence. - self-defender, n. "Self-defence, properly understood, is a legal right, and as with other legal rights the question whether a specific state of facts warrants its exercise is a legal question. It is not a question on which a state is entitled, in any special sense, to be a judge in its own cause." J.L. Brierly, The Law of Nations 319 (5th ed. 1955). self-destruction See SUICIDE.
perfect tender
See TENDER (2).
perfect title
1. FEE SIMPLE. 2. A grant of land that requires no further act from the legal authority to constitute an absolute title to the land. 3. A title that does not disclose a patent defect that may require a lawsuit to defend it. 4. A title that is good both at law and in equity. 5. A title that is good and valid beyond all reasonable doubt.
perfect usufruct
See USUFRUCT,
perfect war
A war involving an entire nation against another. private war. A war between private persons.
perfect-tender rule
Commercial law. The principle that a buyer may reject a seller's goods if the quality, quantity, or delivery of the goods fails to conform precisely to the contract. Although the perfect-tender rule was adopted by the UCC (§ 2-601), other Code provisions -such as the seller's right to cure after rejection - have softened the rule's impact. Cf. SUBSTANTIAL-PERFORMANCE DOCTRINE. "At common law, a buyer of goods possessed a legal right to insist upon perfect tender' by the seller. If the goods failed to conform exactly to the description in the contract - whether as to quality, quantity or manner of delivery - the buyer could reject the goods and rescind the contract, which meant that the parties would be returned to the positions they occupied before the contract was entered into." Marvin A. Chirelstein, Concepts aged Case Analysis in the Law of Contracts 112 (1990).
perfected security interest
A security interest that has completed the statutory requirements for achieving priority over other security interests that are subject to the same requirements.
perfecting amendment
a legislative amendment that either corrects one or more minor problems with a bill or makes minor adjustments to attract more support for the bill.
perfection
Validation of a security interest as against other creditors, usu. by filing a statement with some public office or by taking possession of the collateral. Cf. ATTACHMENT (4).
temporary perfection
The continuous perfection of a security interest for a limited period. ( For example, a security interest in proceeds from the original collateral is perfected for ten days after the debtor receives the proceeds; the interest will become unperfected after this ten-day period unless certain statutory requirements are met. On most instruments, a secured party who advances new value under a written security agreement obtains a 21-day perfection period, even if the secured party does not file a financing statement and the collateral remains with the debtor. UCC § 9-304(4).
unperfected security interest
See SECURITY INTEREST.