Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Ad recte docendum oportet primum inquirere nomina, quia rerum cognitio a nominibus rerum dependet
In order rightly to comprehend a thing, it is necessary first to inquire into the names, for a right knowledge of things depends upon their names.
Adjuvari quippe nos, non decipi, beneficio oportet
Surely we ought to be helped by a benefit, not be entrapped by it.
Asportation
n. The act of carrying away or removing (property or a person). ( asportation is a necessary element of larceny. - also termed carrying away. - asport, vb. See larceny.
Asportavit
[law latin] he carried away.
Audit report
an outside auditor's written statement, usu. Accompanying a company's financial statement, expressing the auditor's opinion of the accuracy of the company's financial condition as set forth in the financial statement.
Court-Martial Reports
A publication containing the opinions of the U.S. Court of Military Appeals and select decisions of the Courts of Military Review. ( This publication appeared during the years 1951-1975. - Abbr. CMR.
Department of Transportation
The federal executive division that is responsible for programs and policies concerning transportation. Through a series of specialized agencies, this department oversees aviation, highways, railroads, mass transit, the U.S. merchant marine, and other programs. - Abbr. DOT.
Deportatio
n. [fr. Latin deportare "to carry away"] Roman law. Permanent exile of a condemned criminal. 0 The person's legal rights were virtually eliminated, all property was forfeited, and the person was "taken out of the number of Roman citizens" (ex numero civium Romanorum tollitur). Cf. RELEGATIO. "Deportatio. Perpetual banishment of a person condemned for a crime. It was the severest form of banishment since it included additional penalties, such as seizure of the whole property, loss of Roman citizenship, confinement to a definite place. Under the Principate it replaced the former interdictio aqua et igni. The emperor could grant the deportee full amnesty, which restored him to his former rights (postliminium). Places of deportatio were islands (in insulam) near the Italian shore or an oasis in the Libyan desert." Adolf Berger, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law 432 (1953).
Equal Credit Opportunity Act
A federal statute prohibiting a creditor from discriminating against an applicant on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, age, sex, or marital status with respect to any aspect of a credit transaction. 15 USCA §§ 1691 et seq.
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
A federal agency created under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to end discriminatory employment practices and to promote nondiscrim- inatory employment programs.( The EEOC investigates alleged discriminatory employment practices and encourages mediation and other nonlitigious means of resolving employment disputes. A claimant is required to file a charge of discrimination with the EEOC before pursuing a claim under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and certain other employment-related statutes. - Abbr. EEOC.
Est aliquid quod non oportet etiam si licet; quicquid vero non licet certe non oportet.
There is that which is not proper, even though permitted; but whatever is not permitted is certainly not proper.
Euin qui nocentenz infamat, non est aequuniet bonum ob eam rem condemnari; delicta enim nocentium nota esse oportet et expodit
It is not just and proper that one wiv, speaks ill of a bad person should be condemm -c on that account; for it is fitting and expediew that the wron'doinfis of bad poople should be known.
Export
vb. 1. To send or carry abroad. 2. To send, take, or carry (a good or commodity) out of the country; to transport (merchandise) from one country to another in the course of trade. 3. To carry out or convey (goods) by sea.
Export Clause
See IMPORT-Export CLAUSE,
Export-Import Bank
A federal agency, established in 1934, that encourages trade with foreign countries by financing exports and import, with funds borrowed from the U.S. Treasury. - Abbr. Ex-Im Bank.
Exportation
The act of sending or carrying goods and merchandise from one country to another.
Falcidian portion
Roman law. The one-fourth part of an estate that one or more instituted heirs are entitled to retain. ( The Falcidian portion has been abolished in Louisiana, but a legitime heir is entitled to a portion by law. -Also termed quarta falcidia. See forced heir under HEIR; LEGITIME.
Federal Reporter
See F. (1).
Federal Reporter Second Series
See F.2D.
Federal Reporter Third Series
See F.3D.
Flumina et portus publica sunt, ideoque jus piscandi omnibus commune est
Rivers and ports are public; and therefore the right of fishing is common to all.
Import
n. 1. A product brought into a country from a foreign country where it originated <imports declined in the third quarter>. See PARALLEL IMPORTS. 2. The process of bringing foreign goods into a country <the import of products affects the domestic economy in significant ways>. 3. The meaning; esp., the implied meaning <the court must decide the import of that obscure provision>. 4. Importance; significance <time will tell the relative import of Judge Posner's decisions in American law>.
Import-Export Clause.
U.S. Const. art. I, § 10, cl. 2, which prohibits states from taxing imports or exports. ( The Supreme Court has liberally interpreted this clause, allowing states to tax imports as long as the tax does not discriminate in favor of domestic goods. - Also termed Export Clause.
In conjunctivis oportet utramque partem esse veram
In conjunctive constructions, each part must be true.
Lex scripta si cesset, id custodiri oportet quod moribus et consuetudine inductum est, et, si qua in re hoc defecerit, tunc id quod proximum et consequens ei est, et, si id non appareat, tunc jus quo
If the written law fails, that which is drawn from manners and custom ought to be observed; and, if that is in any manner defective, then what is next and consistent with it; and, if that does not appear, then the law that Rome uses should be followed.
Malapportion
ub. See APPORTIONMENT; GERRYMANDERING.
Malapportionment
n. The improper or unconstitutional apportionment of a legislative district. -
Martinez report
A report that courts sometimes require a pro se party to file in order to clarify a vague or incomprehensible complaint. Martinez u. Aaron, 570 F.2d 317 (10th Cir. 1978).
National Reporter System
A series of law-books, published by the West Group, containing every published decision of the federal and state courts in the United States. ( For federal courts, the system includes the Supreme Court Reporter, Federal Reporter, Federal Claims Reporter, Federal Supplement, Federal Rules Decisions, Bankruptcy Reporter, Military Justice Reporter, and Veterans Appeals Reporter. For state courts, the system includes the Atlantic Reporter, New York Supplement, North Eastern Reporter, North Western Reporter, Pacific Reporter, South Eastern Reporter, Southern Reporter, and South Western Reporter.
National Transportation Safety Board
An independent government agency that investigates some transportation accidents, conducts safety studies, hears and rules on licensing appeals, and proposes safety guidelines and improved safety standards for the transportation industry. 49 USCA §§ 1101-1155. - Abbr. NTSB.
Neminem oportet esse sapientiorem legibus
No one ought to be wiser than the laws.
Non aliter a significatione verborum recedi oportet quam cum manifestum est aliud sensisse testatorem
We must depart from the (ordinary) significance of words only when it is evident that the testator had a different understanding. Dig. 32.69. pr.
Nonsupport
The failure to support a person that one is legally obliged to provide for, such as a child, spouse, or other dependent. ( Nonsupport is a crime in most states, where it is often termed criminal nonsupport.
North Eastern Reporter
A set of regional law books that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio, from 1885 to date. a The first series ran from 1885 to 1936; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. N.E.; N.E.2d.
North Western Reporter
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin, from 1879 to date. ( The first series ran from 1879 to 1941; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. N.W.; NW.2d.
Oportet quod certa res deducatur in judicium
A thing, to be brought to judgment, must be definite.
Oportet quod certa sit res quae venditur
A thing, to be sold, must be definite.
Opportunity
The fact that the alleged doer of an act was present at the time and place of the act.
Options Price Reporting Authority
A national market-system plan approved by the SEC for collecting and disseminating last-sale and quotation information on options traded on a five-member exchange consisting of the American Stock Exchange, the Chicago Board of Options Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, the Pacific Stock Exchange, and the Philadelphia Stock Exchange. - Abbr. OPRA.
Pacific Reporter
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming, from 1883 to date. ( The first series ran from 1883 to 1931. - Abbr. P.; P.2d.
Port
1 A harbor where ships load and unload cargo. 2. Any place where persons and cargo are allowed to enter a country and where customs officials are stationed. - Also termed (in sense 2) port of entry.
Portfolio
The various securities or other investments held by an investor at any given time. ( An investor will often hold several different types of investments in a portfolio for the purpose of diversifying risk.
Portion
A share or allotted part (as of an es. tate).
Portorium
[Law Latin] Hist. 1. A tax or toll levied at a port or at the gates of a city. 2. A toll for passing over a bridge.
Portsale
Hist. A public sale of goods to the highest bidder; an auction.
Portwarden
An official responsible for the administration of a port. po. se. abbr. PONIT SE SUPER PATRIAM.
Proportionality
Int'l law. The principle that the use of force should be in proportion to the threat or grievance provoking the use of force.
Purport
ub. To profess or claim falsely; to seem to be <the document purports to be a will, but it is neither signed nor dated>. purported, adj. Reputed; rumored.
Quod omnes tangit, ab omnibus debet supportari
What touches (or concerns) all ought to be supported by all.
Reexport
The act of exporting again something imported a good or commodity that is exported again ---reexport,ub.