Legal Dictionary of Pakistan

Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.

Proximate

adj. 1. Immediately before or after. 2. Very near or close in time.

direct and proximate cause

See proximate cause.

efficient proximate cause

See proximate !use under CAUSE (1).

efficient proximate cause.

See proximate cause

last-proximate-act test

Criminal law. A common-law test for the crime of attempt, based on whether the defendant does the final act necessary to commit an offense (such as pulling the trigger of a gun, not merely aiming it). ( This test has been rejected by most courts as too lenient. See ATTEMPT (2).

proximate cause

1. A cause that is legally sufficient to result in liability. 2. A cause that directly produces an event and without which the event would not have occurred. - Also termed direct cause; direct and proximate cause; efficient proximate cause; efficient cause; efficient adequate cause; legal cause; procuring cause; producing cause; primary cause; jural cause. "The four 'tests' or 'clues' of proximate cause in a criminal case are (1) expediency, (2) isolation, (3) foresee ability and (4) intention." Rollin M. Perkins & Ronald N. Boyce, Criminal Law 823 (3d ed. 1982)." 'Proximate cause' - in itself an unfortunate term - is merely the limitation which the courts have placed upon the actor's responsibility for the consequences of the actor's conduct. In a philosophical sense, the consequences of an act go forward to ete

proximate consequence

A result following an unbroken sequence from some (esp. negligent) event.

proximate damages

Damages directly, immediately, and naturally flowing from the act complained of. Cf. speculative damages (1).