Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Aliena negotia exacto officio geruntur
The business of another is conducted with scrupulous attention.
Consilia multorum quaeruntur (requiruntur) in magnis.
The advice of many is sought in great affairs.
Constitutiones tempore posteriores potiores sunt his quse ipsas praecesserunt
Later laws prevail over those that preceded them.
Creditorum appellatione non hi tantum accipiuntur qui pecuniam crediderunt, sed omnes quibus ex qualibet causa debetur
Under the name of creditors are included not only those who have lent money, but also all to whom a debt is owed from any cause.
Cum duo jura concurrunt in una persona, aequum est ac si essent in duobus
When two rights meet in one person, it is the same as if they were in two persons.
Devastaverunt
[Latin pl. of devastavit "he (or she) has wasted"] They have wasted. ( This word usu. referred to both an executor's waste of a decedent's property and the action against the executor for that waste.
Drungarius
n. [Law Latin] Hist. 1. A commander of a band of soldiers. 2. A naval commander.
Drungus
n. [Law Latin] Hist. A band of soldiers.
Drunk
adj. Intoxicated; (of a person) under the influence of intoxicating liquor to such a degree that the normal capacity for rational thought and conduct is impaired.
Drunkard
A person who is habitually or often intoxicated.
Drunkenness
1. A state of intoxication; inebriation; the condition resulting from a person's ingestion of excessive amounts of intoxicating liquors sufficient to affect the person's normal capacity for rational thought and conduct. 2. A habitual state of intoxication.
Expressa non prosunt quae non expressa proderunt
There is no benefit in expressing what will benefit when unexpressed.
Frustra feruntur leges nisi subditis et obedientibus
Laws are made to no purpose except for those who are subject and obedient.
In casu extremae necessitatis omnia runt communia.
In a case of extreme necessity, everything is in common.
In omni actione ubi duae concurrunt districtiones, videlicet in rem et in personam, illa districtio tenenda est quae magis timetur et magis ligat
In every action where two distresses (or forms of distraint) concur, that is in rem and in personam, the distraint is to be chosen that is more dreaded and that binds more firmly. Bracton 372.
Incorporalia bello non adquiruntur
Incorporeal things are not acquired by war.
Juris praecepta runt haec, honeste vivere, alterum non laedere, suum cuique tribuere
These are the precepts of the law: to live honorably, not to injure another, to render to each person his due.
Legem terrae amittentes perpetuam infamiae notam inde merito incurrunt
Those who lose the law of the land thereby justly incur an eternal stigma of infamy.
Libertates regales ad coronam spectantes ex concessione regum a corona exierunt
Royal franchises relating to the Crown have emanated from the Crown by grant of kings.
Literae patentes regis non erunt vacuae
Letters patent of the king will not be void.
Minime mutanda sunt quae certam habuerunt interpretationem
Things that have had a fixed interpretation are to be altered as little as possible.
Non differunt quae concordant re, tametsi non in verbis iisdem
Those things that agree in substance, even if not in the same words, do not differ.
Poenae runt restringendae
Punishments should be restrained.
Quae dubitationis causa tollendae inseruntur communem legem non laedunt
Whatever is inserted for the purpose of removing doubt does not hurt the common law.
Quae dubitationis tollendae causa contractibus inseruntur jus commune non laedunt
Clauses inserted in agreements to remove ambiguity do not prejudice the general law. Dig. 50.17.81.
Quae in testamento ita runt scripta ut intelligi non possint, perinde sunt ac si scripta non essent
Things that are so written in a will that they cannot be understood are as if they had not been written.
Quae rerum natura prohibentur nulla lege confirmata runt
What is prohibited by the nature of things can be confirmed by no law.
Quando duo jura concurrunt in una persona, aequum est ac si essent in diversis
When two rights run together in one person, it is the same as if they were in separate persons.
Quando jus domini regis et subditi concurrunt, jus regis praeferri debet
When the right of the sovereign king and of the subject run together (or clash), the right of the king ought to be preferred.
Qui rationem in omnibus quaerunt rationem subvertunt
They who seek a reason for everything subvert reason.
Quod ipsis, qui contraxerunt, obstat, et successoribus eorum obstabit
That which bars those who have contracted will bar their successors also.
Res quae intra praesidia perductae nondum sunt quanquam ab hostibus occupatae, ideo postliminii non egent, quia dominum nondum mutarunt ex gentium jure
Things that have not yet been brought within the enemy's camp, although held by the enemy, do not need the fiction of postliminy on this account, because their ownership by the law of nations has not yet changed.
Run
ub. 1. To expire after a prescribed period <the statute of limitations had run, so the plaintiff's lawsuit was barred>. 2. To accompany a conveyance or assignment of (land) <the covenant runs with the land>. 3. To apply <the injunction runs against only one of the parties in the dispute>.
Runner
1. A law-office employee who delivers papers between offices and files papers in court. 2. One who solicits personal-injury cases for a lawyer.
Si a jure discedcs, vagus eris et erunt omnia omnibus incerta
If you depart from the law, you will wander (without a guide), and everything will be in a state of uncertainty to everyone.
Si plures conditiones ascriptae fuerunt donationi conjunctim, omnibus est parendum; et ad veritatem copulative requiritur quod utraque pars sit vera, si divisim, quilibet vel alteri eorum satis est ob
If several conditions are conjunctively written in a gift, the whole of them must be complied with; and with respect to their truth, it is necessary that every part be true, taken jointly: if the conditions are separate, it is sufficient to comply with either one or the other of them; and being disjunctive, that one or the other be true.
Si plures sint fidejussores, quotquot erunt numero, singuli in solidum tenentur
If there are more sureties than one, however many they will be in number, they are individually liable for the whole.
Traditionibus et usucapionibus, non nudis pactis, transferuntur rerum dominia
Rights of property are transferred by delivery and by prescription (founded on lengthy possession), not by naked agreements.
Verba accipienda runt secundum subjectam materiam
Words are to be interpreted according to the subject matter.
actio negotiorum gestorunt.
See AC']:,
convenant running with the title
See covenant (4)
covenant running with the land
So.covenant (4)
covenant running with the title
A covenant that is specific to the conveyance of title between a grantor and a grantee.
drunkometer
See BREATHALYZER.
excessive drunkenness
See DRUNKENNESS.
hit-and-run statute.
A law requiring a motorist involved in an accident to remain at the scene and to give certain information to the police and others involved.
long-run incremental cost
Antitrust. A cost threshold for determining whether predatory pricing has occurred, consisting of all costs that, over a several-year period, would not be incurred if the product in question were not offered. ( It differs from average variable cost because it includes some costs that do not vary in the short run but that do vary over a longer period, depending on whether a particular product is offered. - Abbr. LRIC. Cf. AVERAGE VARIABLE COST.
monstrauerunt
[Latin "they have showed"] Hist. A writ of relief for tenants of ancient demesne who were distrained by their lord to do more than the tenure required.
nullum fecerunt arbitrium
[Latin "they never submitted to arbitration"] Hist. In an action to enforce an arbitration award, the defendant's plea denying that there had been an arbitration.
partes finis nihil habuerunt
. [Law Latin "the parties to the fine had nothing"] Hist. A plea to set aside a conveyance of land on grounds that the transferor did not have a sufficient ownership interest in the property to alienate it. "Yet where a stranger ... officiously interferes in an estate which in nowise belongs to him, his fine is of no effect; and may at any time be set aside . . . by pleading that 'partes finis nihil habuerunt.' " 2 William Blaekstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England 356-57 (1765).