Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
A rescriptis valet argumentum
An argument from rescripts (i.e., original writs in the register) is valid.
Aequitas ignorantiae opitulatur, oscitantiae non item
Equity assists ignorance but not complacency (or carelessness).
Aestimatio praeteriti delicti ex postremo facto nunquam crescit
The assessment of a past offense never increases from a subsequent fact.
Alienatio rei praefertur juri accrescendi
Alienation of property is favored over the right to accumulate.
Animus hominis est anima scripti.
The intention of the person is the soul of the instrument.
Arbor dum crescit; lignum dum crescere nescit
It is a tree while it is growing; wood when it cannot grow.
Armiscara
n. [law latin] hist. 1. A punishment consisting of carrying a saddle on one's back as a sign of subjection. 2. A fine.
Ascendant
n. One who precedes in lineage, such as a parent or grandparent. -also termed ancestor. - ascendant, adj. Cf. Descendant.
Ascent
the passing of an estate upwards to an heir in the ascending line. Cf. Descent.
Ascriptitius
n. [latin] roman law. An alien who had been registered and naturalized in the colony where the person resided. - also spelled ascripticius.
Assets by descent
The portion of an estate that passes to an heir and is sufficient to charge the heir with the decedent's specialty debts. - also termed assets per descent.
Assets per descent
see assets by descent under asset.
Assisa friscae fortiae
see assize of fresh force under assize
Association of american law schools
an organization of law schools that have each graduated at least three annual classes of students. - abbr. Aals.
Bad-conduct discharge
see discharge (8)
Bail-point scale
a system for determining a criminal defendant's eligibility for bail, whereby a defendant either will be released on personal recognizance or will have a bail amount set according to the total number of points given, based on the defendant's background and behavior.
Bank discount
the interest that a bank °, ducts in advance on a note. See discoi?n'l _ bank draft see draft
Barones scaccarii.
see barons of the exchequer.
Behavioral science.
the body of disciplines (psychology, sociology, anthropology) that study human behavior. .
Bretts and Scotts, Laws of the.
A system of laws used by the Celtic tribes of Scotland until the beginning of the 14th century, when Edward I of England abolished those laws.
Canon of descent.
See canon
Causae dotis, vitae, libertatis, fisci sunt inter favorabilia in lege
Causes of dower, life, liberty, revenue are among the things favored in law.
Collateral ascendant
Loosely, an aunt, uncle, or other relative who is not strictly an ancestor. - also termed collateral ancestor.
Concordia discordantium canonum
. [Latin "the harmony of the discordant canons"] Hist. A collection of ecclesiastical authorities compiled by Gratian, an Italian monk, ca. 1140. 0 Gratian analyzed questions of law by drawing conclusions from side-by-side comparisons of a variety of texts. Later canonist scholarship usu. proceeded from Gratian's work. -Also termed Decretum Gratiani; Decretum.
Concordia parvae res crescunt et opulentia lites
Small means increase by concord and litigations by opulence.
Conscientia dicitur a con et scio, quasi scire cum Deo.
Conscience is so called from con and scio, to know, as it were, with God.
Conscription
See DRAFT (21.
Consuetudo et communis assuetudo vincit legem non scriptam, si sit specialis; et interpretatur legem scriptam, si lex sit generalis
Custom and common usage overcome the unwritten law if it is special; and interpret the written law if the law is general.
Consuetudo praescripta et legitima vincit legem
A prescriptive and lawful custom overrides the law.
Contra non valentem agere nulla currit praescriptio
No prescription runs against a person unable to act (or bring an action).
Convicia si irascaris tua divulgas; spreta exolescunt
If you are moved to anger by insults, you spread them abroad; if despised, they die out.
Crescente malitia crescere debet et poena.
With increase of malice, punishment ought also to increase.
Culpa caret qui scit sed prohibere non potest
A person is free of blame who knows but cannot prevent.
Culpa est immiscere se rei ad se non pertinenti
It is a fault for anyone to meddle in a matter not pertaining to him.
Cum in testamento ambigue aut etiam perperam scriptum, est benigne interpretari, et secundum id quod credible est cogitatum credendum est
When an ambiguous or even an erroneous expression occurs in a will, it should be construed liberally, and in accordance with the testator's probable meaning.
DISC
abbr. DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL SALES COR, PORATION.
De fide et officio judicis non recipitur quaestio, sed de scientia sive sit error juris sive facti
The good faith and honesty of purpose of a judge cannot be questioned, but his knowledge may be impugned if there is an error either of law or of fact.
Descent
n. 1. The acquisition of real property by law, as by inheritance; the passing of intestate real property to heirs. See SUCCESSION (2). Cf. DISTRIBUTION (1); PURCHASE (2). 2. The fact or process of originating from a common ancestor. - descend, ub.
Description
1. A delineation or explanation of something by an account setting forth the subject's characteristics or qualities <description of a patentable process > . 2. A representation by words or drawing of something seen or heard or otherwise experienced <description of the criminal> <description of the accident>. 3. An enumeration or specific identification of something <description of items in the estate. 4. LEGAL DESCRIPTION.
Dialogus de Scaccario
n. [Law Latin "a dialogue of or about the Exchequer"] Hist. A treatise, written during the reign of Henry II, on the Court of Exchequer, set up in imaginary dialogue form between a master and a disciple. 0 Although some originally attributed the work to Gervase of Tilbury, it was probably written by Richard Fitz Nigel, the bishop of London under Richard I, and the former Treasurer of the Exchequer."The Dialogus de Scaccario is an anonymous book, but there can be little doubt that we are right in ascribing it to Richard Fitz Neal: that is to say, to Richard the son of that Nigel, bishop of Ely . . . . The book stands out as an unique book in the his
Discipline
n. 1. Punishment intended to correct or instruct; esp., a sanction or penalty imposed after an official finding of misconduct. 2. Control gained by enforcing compliance or order. 3. Military law. A state of mind inducing instant obedience to a lawful order, no matter how unpleasant or dangerous such compliance might be. - discipline, ub. - disciplinary, adj.
Disclaimer
n. 1. A renunciation of one's legal right or claim. 2. A repudiation of another's legal right or claim. 3. A writing that contains such a renunciation or repudiation. - disclaim, ub.
Disclosure
n. The act or process of making known something that was previously unknown; a revelation of facts <a lawyer's disclosure of a conflict of interest>. - disclose, z)b. - disclosural, adj. See DISCOVERY; INITIAL DISCLOSURE.
Discontinuee
n. A person who receives an entailed estate from the tenant in tail; one whose acquisition of an entailed estate causes a discontinuance of the fee tail heirs' right to the estate. Cf. DISCONTINUOR.
Discontinuor
n. A tenant in tail whose conveyance of the entailed estate causes a discontinuance. Cf. DISCONTINUEE.
Disconvenable
adj. [Law French] Archaic. Unfit; improper.
Discount
n. 1. A reduction from the full amount or value of something, esp. a price. 2. An advance deduction of interest when a person lends money on a note, bill of exchange, or other commercial paper, resulting in its present value. See PRESENT VALUE. 3. The amount by which a security's market value is below its face value. Cf. PREMIUM (3). - discount, ub
Discovery
n. 1. The act or process of finding or learning something that was previously unknown <after making the discovery, the inventor immediately applied for a patent>. 2. Compulsory disclosure, at a party's request, of information that relates to the litigation <the plaintiff filed a motion to compel discovery>. ( The primary discovery devices are interrogatories, depositions, requests for admissions, and requests for production. Although discovery typically comes from parties, courts also allow limited discovery from nonparties. 3. The facts or documents disclosed <the new associate spent all her time reviewing discovery>. -discover, vb. - discoverable, adj."Discovery has broad scope. According to Federal Rule 26, which is the model in modern procedural codes, inquiry may be made into 'any matter, not privileged, that is relevant to the subject matter of the action.' Thus, discovery may be had of facts incid
Discredit
ub. To destroy or impair the credibility of (a witness, a piece of evidence, or a theory); to lessen the degree of trust to be accorded to (a witness or document). - discredit, n.
Discretio est discernere per legem quid sit justum
Discretion is to discern through law what is just.