Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Acta exteriora indicant interiora secreta
Outward acts indicate the thoughts hidden within.
Secret
n. 1. Something that is kept from the knowledge of others or shared only with those concerned. See TRADE SECRET. 2. Information that cannot be disclosed without a breach of trust; specif., information that is acquired in the attorney-client relationship and that either (1) the client has requested be kept private or (2) the attorney believes would be embarrassing or likely to be detrimental to the client if disclosed. ( Under the ABA Code of Professional Responsibility, a lawyer cannot reveal a client's secret unless the client consents after full disclosure. DR 4-101. Cf. CONFIDENCE (3).
Secret Service.
A federal law-enforcement agency - organized as a division of the Treasury Department - primarily responsible for preventing counterfeiting and protecting the President and other public officials
Secret ballot
a vote cast in such a way that the person voting cannot be identified. "the secret ballot, when used to protect citizens when choosing their representatives, is a hallmark of a democratic system of government; but, when it is used to conceal a public official's vote, it violates the fundamental tenet of an elected or appointed official's ultimate accountability to the electorate." op. Tex. Att'y gen h-1163 (1978).4. A list of candidates running for office. Ballot, ub.
Secretaries
n. [Law Latin] See APOCWSAMUS.
Secretary General.
The chief administrative officer of the United Nations, nominated by the Security Council and elected by the General Assembly.
governmental secret.
Information belonging to the government and of a military or diplomatic nature, the disclosure of which would be contrary to the public interest. ( Governmental secrets are privileged from disclosure. - Also termed government secret. See executive privilege under PRIVILEGE (3)
legal secretary
An employee in a law office whose responsibilities include typing legal documents and correspondence, keeping records and files, and performing other duties supportive of the employer's law practice. ( Legal secretaries usu. are more highly skilled, and therefore more highly compensated, than taries in general business.
letters secret
Hist. A governmental document that is issued to a private person, closed and sealed, and thus not made available for public inspection. - Also termed letters close. Cf. LETTERS PATENT (1).
secret diplomacy
Diplomacy carried on behind closed doors. - Also termed quiet diplomacy.
secret lien
See LIEN,
secret partner.
A partner whose connection with the firm is concealed from the public. -Also termed sleeping partner.
secret testament
See mystic will under WILL.
secret trust
A testamentary trust giving property to a legatee or devisee who orally promises to hold it in trust for another person.
secret trust.
See TRUST.
secret will.
See mystic will.
secretary of embassy.
A diplomatic officer appointed as secretary or assistant, usu. to an ambassador or minister plenipotentiary.
secretary of legation.
An officer employed to attend a foreign mission and perform certain clerical duties.
secretary of state.
1. (usu. cap.) The cabinet member who heads the State Department and directs foreign policy. ( The Secretary of State is fourth in line of succession to the presidency after the Vice President, the Speaker of the House, and the President pro tempore of the Senate. 2. A state government official who isresponsible for the licensing and incorporation of businesses, the administration of elections, and other formal duties. 9 The secretary of state is elected in some states and appointed in others. secret ballot. See BALLOT (3). secret diplomacy. See DIPLOMACY.
secretary.
A corporate officer in charge of official correspondence, minutes of board meetings, and records of stock ownership and transfer. - Also termed clerk of the corporation.
secrete
ub. To conceal or secretly transfer (property, etc.), esp. to hinder or prevent officials or creditors from finding it. secret equity. See latent equity under EQUITY.
state secret
A governmental matter that would be a threat to the national defense or diplomatic interests of the United States if revealed, and is therefore protected against disclosure by a witness in an ordinary judicial proceeding. state-secrets privilege. See PRIVILEGE (3). state's evidence. See EVIDENCE. state's evidence, turn. See TURN STATES EVI. DENCE.
state-secrets privilege
A privilege that the government may invoke against the discovery of a material that, if divulged, could compromise national security. - Also termed national-security privilege. 4. Civil law. A creditor's right, arising from the nature of the debt, to priority over the debtor's other creditors. 5. HAT MONEY.
trade secret
1. A formula, process, device, or other business information that is kept confidential to maintain an advantage over competitors; information - including a formula, pattern, compilation, program, device, method, technique, or process - that (1) derives independent economic value, actual or potential, from not being generally known or readily ascertainable by others who can obtain economic value from its disclosure or use, and (2) is the subject of reasonable efforts, under the circumstances, to maintain its secrecy. 0 This definition states the majority view, which is found in the Uniform Trade Secrets Act. "The concept of protecting trade secrets is related to the principles of trademark and patent law. The scope of trade secret protection, however, goes well beyond that of patent law. Unlike patent law, protection under trade secret law is not tied to the information's novelty; rather, the essence of a trade secret is its relative secrecy. Additionally, unlike patent law, trade secret law draws less from property principles, and more from the equitable principles surrounding confidential relationships." Mark A. Rothstein et al., Employment Lain ยง 8.18, at 516 (1994). "The difficulty with defining