Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
BCD special court-martial
A special court-martial in which a possible punishment is a bad-conduct discharge (a "BCD").
Consuetudo et communis assuetudo vincit legem non scriptam, si sit specialis; et interpretatur legem scriptam, si lex sit generalis
Custom and common usage overcome the unwritten law if it is special; and interpret the written law if the law is general.
Generalia praecedunt, specialia sequuntur.
Things general precede; things special follow.
Generalia specialibus non derogant
Things general do not restrict (or detract from) things special.
Generalibus specialia derogant
Things special restrict things general.
Generalis clausula non porrigitur ad ea quae antea specialiter sunt comprehensa
A general clause does not extend to those things that have been previously provided for specifically.
Jura regis specialia non conceduntur per generalia verba
The special rights of the king are not granted by general words.
Non dubitatur, etsi specialiter venditor evictionem non promiserit, re evicta, ex empto competere actionem
It is certain that even if the vendor has not given a special guarantee, an action ex empto lies against him, if the purchaser is evicted.
Quando charta continet generalem clausulam, posteaque descendit ad verba specialia quae clausulae generali sunt consentanea, interpretanda est charta secundum verba specialia
When a deed contains a general clause, and afterwards descends to special words that are consistent with the general clause, the deed is to be construed according to the special words.
Quando lex est specialis, ratio autem generalis, generaliter lex est intelligenda
When the law is special, but its reason is general, the law is to be understood generally.
Quando verba statuti sunt specialia, ratio autem generalis, generaliter statutum est intelligendum
When the words of a statute are special, but the reason for it general, the statute is to be construed generally.
Saturday-night special
1. A handgun that is easily obtained and concealed. 2. Corporations. A surprise tender offer typically held open for a limited offering period (such as one week) to maximize pressure on a shareholder to accept. ( These tender offers are now effectively prohibited by section 14(e) of the Williams Act. 15 USCA § 78n(e).
Semper specialia generalibus insunt
Special clauses are always included in general ones.
Special
adj. 1. Of, relating to, or designating a species, kind, or individual thing. 2. (Of a statute, rule, etc.) designed for a particular purpose. 3. (Of powers, etc.) unusual; extraordinary.
Special assessment
the assessment of a tax on property that benefits in some important way from a public improvement. - also termed assessment for benefits. 3. Official valuation of property for purposes of taxation <assessment of the beach house>.
Special assumpsit.
s an action based on the defendant's breach of an express contract. -also termed express assumpsit."special assumpsit lies for the recovery of damages for the breach of simple contract, either express or implied in fact. The term 'special contract' is often used to denote an express or explicit contract as contrasted with a promise implied in law." benjamin j. Shipman, handbook of common-law pleading § 58, at 148 (henry winthrop ballantine ed., 3d ed. 1923).
Special authority
authority limited to an individual transaction.
Special bailiff
hist. A deputy sheriff ap-pointed at a litigant's request to serve execute some writ or process related to the lawsuit.
Specialist
1 A lawyer who has been boardcertified in a specific field of law. See BOARD OF LEGAL SPECIALIZATION. 2. Securities. A securities-exchange member who makes a market in one or more listed securities. ( The exchange assigns securities to various specialists and expects them to maintain a fair and orderly market as provided by SEC standards.
Specialty
1 See contract under seal under CONTRACT. 2. See DOCTRINE OF SPECIALTY. 3. Eminent domain. Unique property (such as a church or cemetery) that is essentially not marketable, so that its value for condemnation purposes is determined by measuring the property's reproduction cost less any depreciation. - Also termed (in sense 3) specialty property.
Specialty bar
a voluntary bar association for lawyers with special interests, specific backgrounds, or common practices.
Statutum generaliter est intelligendum quando verba statuti sunt specialia, ratio autem generalis
A statute is to be understood generally when the words of the statute are special but its reason is general.
Statutum speciale statuto speciali non derogat
One special statute does not take away from another special statute.
Ubi lex est specialis et ratio ejus generalis, generaliter accipienda est
Where the law is special and the reason of it is general, it ought to be taken as general.
board of legal specialization.
A body, usu. an arm of a state bar association, that certifies qualified lawyers as specialists within a given field. 0 Typically, to qualify as a specialist, a lawyer must meet a specified level of experience, pass an examination, and provide favorable recommendations from peers.
court of special session
See COURT.
debt by special contract
See special-contract debt under DEBT.
debt by specialty contract
See special-contract debt.
doctrine of specialty
Int'l law. The principle, included as a provision in most extradition treaties, under which a person who is extradited to a country to stand trial for certain criminal offenses may be tried only for those offenses and not for any other pre-extradition offenses. - Also termed specialty doctrine. See EXTRADITION.
fee simple subject to special interest
See fee simple determinable.
fee simple subject to special limitation
See fee simple determinable.
general special imparlance
See IMPARLANCE.
general special imparlance.
The allowance of time with a saving of all exceptions, so that a defendant might later plead not only in abatement but also to the jurisdiction.
general verdict subject to a special case
Archaic. A court's verdict rendered without regard to the jury's general verdict, given when a party does not want to put the legal question on the record but merely wants the court to decide on the basis of a written statement of all the facts in the case, prepared for the opinion of the court by counsel on either side, according to the principles of a special verdict, whereupon the court decides the special case submitted and gives judgment accordingly.
generalia specialibus non derogant
[Latin "general things do not derogate from specific things"] The doctrine holding that general words in a later statute do not repeal an earlier statutory provision dealing with a special subject. 0 This principle illustrates the cautious approach that some courts have adopted in interpreting broad provisions, but there are many exceptions.
heir special
Hist. An heir who receives property according to the nature of the estate held in fee tail. ( Heirs special were said to receive property per formam doni ("by the form of the gift"). - Also termed heir in tail.
judex specialis
Roman law. See judex pedaneus.
local and special legislation
Legislation that affects only a specific geographic area or a particular class of persons. ( Such legislation is unconstitutional if it arbitrarily or capriciously distinguishes between members of the same class. - Also termed class legislation.
special acceptance
See ACCEPTANCE (4).
special act
See special law under LAW.
special administration
See ADMINISTRATION.
special administration.
An administration with authority to deal with only some of a decedent's effects, as opposed to administering the whole estate. 2. See administration pendente lite. Cf. general administration.
special administrator
See ADMINISTRATOR (1).
special administrator. 1
A person appointed to administer only a specific part of
special agency
See AGENCY (1).
special agency.
an agency in which the agent is authorized only to conduct a single transaction or a series of transactions not involving continuous service.
special agent
an agent employed to conduct a particular transaction or to perform a specified act.
special agreement
See ad hoc compromis under COMPROMIS.
special allocatur
See ALLOCATUR.
special allocatur.
an allowance of a writ: (such as a writ of error) that is legally :-: quired in certain cases.