Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
British subject
The status conferred on a citizen of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth countries such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and India by the British Nationality Act 1981. 0 Although this is the current sense, the phrase British subject has had many different meanings over the years, under different statutes. broad-form insurance See INSURANCE.
Curia parliamenti suis propriis legibus subsistit
The court of parliament is governed by its own laws.
De nomine proprio non est curandum cum in substantia non erretur; quia nomina mutabilia sunt, res autem immobiles
As to the proper name, it is not to be regarded when there is no error in substance; because names are changeable, but things are immutable.
Debet quis juri subjacere ubi delinquit
Any offender should be subject to the law of the place where he offends.
Deceptis, non decipientibus, jura subveniunt
The laws help persons who have been deceived, not those deceiving.
Donationum alia perfecta, alia incepta et non perfecta; ut si donatio lecta fuit et concessa, ac traditio nondum fuerit subsecuta
Some gifts are perfect, others incipient and not perfect; for example, if a gift were read and agreed to, but delivery had not then followed.
Extincto subjecto, tollitur adjunctum
When the substance is gone, the adjunct disappears.
Frustra feruntur leges nisi subditis et obedientibus
Laws are made to no purpose except for those who are subject and obedient.
Hora non est multum de substantia negotii, licet in appello de ea aliquando fiat mentio.
The hour is not of much consequence to the substance of business, although in appeal it is sometimes mentioned.
In fictione juris semper subsistit aequitas.
In a legal fiction equity always abides (or prevails).
Insubordination
1. A willful disregard of an employer's instructions, esp. behavior that gives the employer cause to terminate a worker's employment. 2. An act of disobedience to proper authority; esp., a refusal to obey an order that a superior officer is authorized to give.
Leges vigilantibus, non dormientibus subveniunt
The laws aid those who keep watch, not those who sleep (that is, the vigilant, not the negligent).
Lex est tutissima cassis; sub clypeo legis nemo decipitur
Law is the safest helmet; under the shield of the law no one is deceived.
Lex fingit ubi subsistit aequitas
Law creates a fiction where equity abides.
Lex vigilantibus, non dormientibus, subvenit
Law aids the watchful, not the sleeping.
Ligna et lapides sub armorum appellatione non continentur
Sticks and stones are not contained under the name of arms.
Matrimonium subsequens tollit peccatum praecedens
A subsequent marriage removes preceding fault.
Merito beneficium legis amittit qui legem ipsam subvertere intendit
A person deservedly loses the protection of the law who attempts to overturn the law itself.
Minor qui infra aetatem 12 annorum fuerit utlagari non potest nec extra legem poni, quia ante talem aetatem, non est sub lege aliqua nec in decenna
A minor who is under 12 years of age cannot be outlawed nor placed beyond the law, because before such age he is not under any law nor in a decennary.
Necessitas sub lege non continetur, quia quod alias non est licitum necessitas facit licitum
Necessity is not restrained by law; since what otherwise is not lawful necessity makes lawful.
Nihil infra regnum subditos magic conservat in tranquilitate et concordia quam debita legum administration
Nothing better preserves the subjects of the realm in tranquillity and concord than a due administration of the laws. 2 Co. Inst. 158.
Nimia subtilitas in jure reprobatur
Too much subtlety in law is condemned.
Nimia subtilitas injure reprobatur, et talis certitudo certitudinem confundit
Too great subtlety is disapproved of in law, and such certainty confounds certainty.
Non potent rex subditum renitentem onerare impositionibus
The king cannot load a subject with impositions against his consent.
Non valet donatio nisi subsequatur traditio
A gift is not valid unless delivery (or transference) follows.
Nudum pactum est ubi nulla subest causa praeter conventionem; sed ubi subest causa, fit obligatio, et parit actionem
Naked agreement (nudum pactum) is where there is no consideration besides the agreement; but when there is a consideration, an obligation is created and it gives a right of action.
Nullus debet agere de dolo, ubi alia actio subset
Where another form of action is given, no one ought to sue in the action de dolo.
Omnis definitio injure civili periculosa est, parum est enim ut non subverti posit
Every definition in the civil law is dangerous, for there is very little that cannot be overthrown.
Oversubscription
A situation in which there are more subscribers to a new issue of securities than there are securities available for purchase.
Parte quacumque integrante sublata, tollitur totum
When any essential part has been removed, the whole is removed (or destroyed).
Praescriptio est titulus ex usu et tempore substantiam capiens ab auctoritate legis
Prescription is a title derived from usage and time, given substance by the authority of law. Co. Litt. 113.
Protectio trahit subjectionem, subjectio protectionem
Protection brings submission; submission (brings) protection.
Quando jus domini regis et subditi concurrunt, jus regis praeferri debet
When the right of the sovereign king and of the subject run together (or clash), the right of the king ought to be preferred.
Qui rationem in omnibus quaerunt rationem subvertunt
They who seek a reason for everything subvert reason.
Quicquid judicis auctoritati subjicitur, novitati non subjicitur
Whatever is subject to the authority of a judge is not subject to innovation.
Quod sub certa forma concessum vel reservatum est, non trahitur ad valorem vel compensationem
That which has been granted or reserved under a certain form is not to be drawn into valuation or compensation.
Quod subintelligitur non deest
What is understood is not lacking.
Rex non debet esse sub homine sed sub Deo et lege
The king should not be under the authority of man, but of God and the law.
Sensus verborum ex causa dicendi accipiendus est, et sermones semper accipiendi sunt secundum subjectam materiam
The sense of words is to be taken from the occasion of speaking them, and discourses are always to be interpreted according to the subject matter.
Si aliquid ex solemnibus deficiat, cum aequitas poscit subveniendum est
If anything is lacking from formal requirements, when equity requires, it will be supplied.
Simplicitas est legibus amica, et nimia subtilitas injure reprobatur
Simplicity is a friend to the laws, and too much subtlety in law is condemned.
Sub
[Latin] Under; upon.
Subagent
See AGENT.
Subaltern
n. An inferior or subordinate officer.
Subcommittee
A committee subdivision that reports to and performs duties on behalf of a regular committee.
Subcontract
A contract made by a party to another contract for carrying out the other contract, or a part of it.
Subcontractor
One who is awarded a portion of an existing contract by a contractor, esp. a general contractor. ( For example, a contractor who builds houses typically retains subcontractors to perform specialty work such as installing plumbing, laying carpet, making cabinetry, and landscaping - each subcontractor is paid a somewhat lesser sum than the contractor receives for the work.
Subditus
[Latin] Hist. Someone under another's power; a vassal.
Subdivision
n. 1. The division of a thing nytf. smaller parts. 2. A parcel of land in a la.wy~ development. - subdivide, ub.
Subinfeudate
ub. Hist. (Of a subvassal) to grant lands to another to hold as his vassal rather than his superior. - Also termed subinfeud (sab-in-fyood). "[A] more common method of obtaining the annual quota of knights was to subinfeudate portions of the baronial lands to individual knights in exchange for their obligations to spend a fixed portion of time annually in the king's or baron's service. A knight who so received a portion of a baron's land would hold of his baron in much the same way as the baron held of the king." Thomas F. Bergin & Paul G. Haskell, Preface to Estates in Land and Future Interests 4 (2d ed. 1984).