Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Agentes et consentientes pari poena plectentur
Acting and consenting parties will be liable to the same punishment.
Beneficial holder of securities
a holder of equitable title to corporate stock. ( the stock is not registered under the holder's name in the corporation's records.
Bryan treaties
Int'l law. Any of 48 treaties designed to avert war by requiring the signatories to submit disputes of any kind to standing peace commissions. ( The first of these treaties, named after Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan, was signed between the United States and Great Britain in 1914.
Consentientes et agentes pari poena plectentur
Those consenting and those perpetrating will receive the same punishment.
Cottier
1 Hist. A serf who lives in a cottage; a cottager. ( Over time, cottier has come to refer to a day laborer or a rural dweller. 2. Hist. Irish law. A tenant who leases a house and a small (usu. two acre or less) plot of land.
Court of Faculties
Eccles. law. An archbishop's tribunal that grants special dispensations (such as a marriage license) and decides questions relating to monuments and mortuary matters. See MASTER OF THE FACULTIES.
Court of the Lord High Steward of the Universities
Hist. A court convened to try scholars, esp. Oxford or Cambridge students, who have been indicted for treason, felony, or mayhem.
Dominus capitalis loco haeredis habetur, quoties per defectum vel delictum extinguitur sanguis sui tenentis
The supreme lord takes the place of the heir, as often as the blood of the tenant is extinct through deficiency or crime.
Faculties, Court of
See COURT OF FACULTIES.
Faculties, Master of the
See MASTER OF THE FACULTIES.
Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
A federal statute providing individuals with a right of action against foreign governments, under certain circumstances, to the extent the claim arises from the private, as opposed to the public, acts of the foreign state. 28 USCA §§ 1602-1611. - Abbr. FSIA. See RESTRICTIVE PRINCIPLE OF SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY.
Idem agens et patiens esse non potest
The same person cannot be both agent and patient (i.e., the doer and person to whom the thing is done).
Liberties
Hist. 1. Privileged districts exempt from the sheriff's jurisdiction. 2. In American colonial times, laws. 3. Political subdivisions of Philadelphia.
Longa patientia trahitur ad consensum
Long sufferance is construed as consent.
Loquendum ut vulgus, sentiendum ut docti
We should speak as the common people; we should think as the learned.
Master of the Faculties
Eccles. law. An officer in the archdiocese of Canterbury who heads the Court of Faculties, grants licenses, and admits or removes notaries public. - Also termed magister ad facultates. See COURT OF FACULTIES.
National Association of Securities Dealers
A group of brokers and dealers empowered by the SEC to regulate the over-the-counter securities market. - Abbr. NASD.
National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation system
A computerized system for recording transactions and displaying price quotations for a group of actively traded securities on the over-the-counter market. - Abbr. NASDAQ.
National Priorities List
Environmental law. The Environmental Protection Agency's list of the most serious uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous-waste sites that are identified for possible long-term remediation as Superfund sites. 40 CFR § 35.6015. - Abbr. NPL.
Necessities
1. Indispensable things of any kind, 2. NECESSARIES.
Primo executienda est verbi vis, ne sermonis vitio obstruatur oratio, sive lex sine argumentis
The force of a word is to be first examined, lest by the fault of diction the sentence be destroyed or the law be without arguments.
Privileges and Immunities Clause
The constitutional provision (U.S. Const. art. IV, § 2, cl. 1) prohibiting a state from favoring its own citizens by discriminating against other states' citizens who come within its borders.
Privileges or Immunities Clause
The constitutional provision (U.S. Const. amend. XIV, § 1) prohibiting state laws that abridge the privileges or immunities of U.S. citizens. * The clause was effectively nullified by the Supreme Court in the Slaughter-House Cases, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36 (1873). Cf. DUE PROCESS CLAUSE; EQUAL PROTECTION CLAUSE.
Qui in utero est, pro jam nato habetur quoties de ejus commodo quaeritur
A child in the womb is considered as born, whenever there is a question of benefit to the child.
Quotiens dubia interpretatio libertatis est, secundum libertatem respondendum erit
Whenever there is an interpretation doubtful as to liberty (or slavery), the decision must be in favor of liberty.
Quotiens idem sermo duas sententias exprimit, ea potissimum accipiatur quae rei gerendae aptior est
Whenever the same words express two meanings, that is to be taken most strongly which is the better fitted for carrying out the proposed end.
Quoties in stipulationibus ambigua oratio est, commodissimum est id accipi quo res de quo agitur in tuto sit
Whenever in stipulations the expression is ambiguous, it is most proper to give it that interpretation by which the subject matter may be in safety.
Quoties in verbis nulla est ambiguitas, ibi nulla expositio contra verba expressa ftenda est
Whenever there is no ambiguity in the words, then no exposition contrary to the words is to be made.
Securities Act of 1933
The federal law regulating the registration and initial public offering of securities, with an emphasis on full public disclosure of financial and other information. 15 USCA §§ 77a-77aa. - Also termed Securities Act; 1933 Act.
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
The federal law regulating the public trading of securities. This law provides for the registration and supervision of securities exchanges and brokers, and regulates proxy solicitations. The Act also established the SEC. 15 USCA §§ 78a et seq. - Also termed Exchange Act; 1934 Act. This law provides for the registration and supervision of securities exchanges and brokers, and regulates proxy solicitations. The Act also established the SEC. 15 USCA §§ 78a et seq. - Also termed Exchange Act; 1934 Act.
Securities Investor Protection Act
A 1970 federal law establishing the Securities Investor Protection Corporation that, although not a governmental agency, is designed to protect investors and help brokers and dealers in financial trouble. - Abbr. SIPA. 15 USCA §§ 78aaa et seq.
Securities Investor Protection Corporation
A corporation established under the Securities Investor Protection Act to protect investors and help brokers and dealers in financial trouble. -Abbr. SIPC. See SECURITIES INVESTOR PROTECTION ACT.
Securities and Exchange Commission
The federal agency that regulates the issuance and trading of securities in an effort to protect investors against fraudulent or unfair practices. ( The Commission was established by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. - Abbr. SEC.
Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950
See MCCARRAN ACT.
Tie
n. 1. In connection with an election, an equal number of votes for each candidate. 2. An equal number of votes cast for and against a particular measure by a legislative or deliberative body. ( In the U.S. Senate, the Vice President has the deciding vote in the event of a tie. U.S. Const. art. I, § 3.
Ubi et dantis et accipientis turpitudo versatur, non posse repeti dicimus; quotiens autem accipientis turpitudo versatur, repeti posse
Where there is misconduct on the part of both giver and receiver, we say the thing cannot be recovered; but as often as the misconduct is on the side of the receiver (alone), it can be recovered.
a lui et a ses heritiers pour toujours
[law french] to him and his heirs forever. see and his heirs under heir.
accounts receivable) and its current liabilities. - Also termed quick ratio; acid-test ratio, quick condemnation
See CONDEMNATION.
accredited investor. An investor treated under the Securities Act of 1933 as being knowledgeable and sophisticated about financial matters, esp. because of the investor's large net worth. 0 In a secur
See REPRESENTATIVE.
acte d'heritier
[French "act of an heir"] Conduct by an heir indicating an intent to accept the succession.
ad instantiam parties
adu. [Law Latin] At the instance of a party.
allegation of faculties.
family law. a statement of the husband's property, made by the wife to obtain alimony. see faculties.
american civil liberties union
a national organization whose primary purpose is to help enforce and preserve individual rights and liberties guaranteed by federal and state constitutions. - abbr. aclu.
americans with disabilities act
a federal statute that prohibits discrimination - in employment, public services, and public accommodations - against any person with a disability ("a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities"). 42 usca §§ 12101-12213. 0 under the ada, major life activities include any activity that an average person in the general population can perform with little or no difficulty, such as seeing, hearing, sleeping, eating, walking, traveling, and working. the statute applies to both private and governmental entities. -abbr. ada.
bill of pains and penalties.
A legislative act that, though similar to a bill of attainder, prescribes punishment less severe than capital punishment. o Bills of pains and penalties are included within the U.S. Constitution's ban of bills of attainder. U.S. Const. art I, § 9.
consentient, ad
See CON1',ENst'.al..
controlled-securities-offering distribution
See securities-offering distribution (1).
controlled-securities-offering distribution.
see securities-offering distribution under distribution.
conversion premium. Securities
The surplus at which a security sells above its conversion price.
current liabilities
See short-term debt under DEBT.