Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Violation
n. 1. An infraction or breach of the law; a transgression. 2. The act of breaking or dishonoring the law; the contravention of a right or duty. 3. Rape; ravishment. 4. Under the Model Penal Code, a public-welfare offense. 0 In this sense, a violation is not a crime. See Model Penal Code ยง 1.04(5) (1997). - violate, ub. - violative (vi-a-lay-tiv), adj. - violator, n.
moving violation
An infraction of a traffic law while the vehicle is in motion.
per se violation
Antitrust. A trade practice (such as price-fixing) that is considered inherently anticompetitive and injurious to the public without any need to determine whether it has actually injured market competition.
serial violation
Civil-rights law. The practice by an employer of committing a series of discriminatory acts against an employee, all of which arise out of the same discriminatory intent or animus. 0 Such a series of discriminatory acts will usu. be considered a continuing violation. For a claim on the violation to be timely, at least one of the discriminatory acts must fall within the time permitted to assert the claim (e.g., 300 days for a Title VII claim). Cf. SYSTEMATIC VIOLATION.
systematic violation
Civil-rights law. An employer's policy or procedure that is discriminatory against an employee. ( Such a policy or procedure will usu. be considered a continuing violation. So an employee's claim of unlawful discrimination will not be barred as untimely as long as some discriminatory effect of the policy or procedure occurs within the limitations period (e.g., 300 days for a Title VII claim). Cf. SERIAL VIOLATION.