Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
A rescriptis valet argumentum
An argument from rescripts (i.e., original writs in the register) is valid.
AALS.
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN LAW SCHOOLS.
Ab abusu ad usum non valet consequential
A conclusion about the use of a thing from its abuse is invalid.
Absentee ballot
a ballot that a voter submits, sometimes by mail, before an election see absentee voting under voting.
Absentia ejus qui reipublicae causa abest neque ei neque alii damnosa esse debet
The absence of a person who is abroad in service to the state ought to be prejudicial neither to that person nor to another. Dig. 50.17.140.
Academie de Droit International de La Haye
See HAGUE ACADEMY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.
Accessorial
1. (Of a promise) made for the purpose of strengthening another's credit <an accessorial pledge by way of guaranty>. - Also termed accessory. 2. Criminal law. Of or relating to the accessory in a crime <accessorial guilt>.
Accessorium non ducit, sed sequitur, suum principale
An accessory does not lead, but follows, its principal.
Accessorius sequitur naturam sui principalis
An accessory follows the nature of his principal.
Acta in uno judicio non probant in alio nisi inter easdem personas
Things done in one action cannot be taken as evidence in another, unless it is between the same parties.
Actio personalis moritur cum persona
A personal action dies with the person.
Actual authority
authority that a principal intentionally confers on an agent, including the authority that the agent reasonably believes he or she has as a result of the agent's dealings with the principal. ( actual authority can be either express or implied. - also termed real authority "actual authority is such as a principal intentionally confers upon the agent, or intentionally, or by want of ordinary care, allows the agent to believe himself to possess." cal. Civ. Code § 2316.
Actual bailment
a bailment that arises from an actual or constructive delivery of property to the bailee.
Actus judiciarius coram non judice irritus habetur; de ministeriali autem a quocunque provenit ratum esto
A judicial act before one not a judge (or without jurisdiction) is void; as to a ministerial act, from whomsoever it proceeds, let it be valid.
Ad proximum antecedens fiat relatio, nisi impediatur sentential
A relative is to be referred to the nearest antecedent, unless prevented by the sense.
Admiralitas
n. [Law Latin] 1. Admiralty; an admiralty court. 2. SOCIETAS NAVALIS.
Admiralty Clause.
The clause of the U.S. Constitution giving the federal courts jurisdiction over maritime cases. U.S. Const. art. III, § 2, cl. 1.
Admiralty, First Lord.
See FIRST LORD OF THE ADMIRALTY.
Aedilcare in tuo proprio solo non licet quod alteri noceat
It is not lawful to build upon one's own land what may be injurious to another.
Aequitas est correctio legis generaliter latae qua parte deficit
Equity is the correction of some part of the law where by reason of its generality it is defective.
Alias
See ALIAS.
Aliena negotia exacto officio geruntur
The business of another is conducted with scrupulous attention.
Alienatio licet prohibeatur, consensu tamen omnium in quorum favorem prohibita esl potest fieri; et quilibet potest renunciare juri pro se introducto
Even if alienation is prohibited, it may yet take place by the consent of all in whose favor it is prohibited; it is in the power of anyone to renounce a right introduced for his own benefit.
Alienatio rei praefertur juri accrescendi
Alienation of property is favored over the right to accumulate.
Aliquid conceditur ne injuria remaneat ampunita quod alias non concederetur
Something is conceded that otherwise would not be conceded, so that a wrong not remain unpuir ished.
Aliquis non debet esse judex in propria causa, quia non potest esse judex et pars
A person ought not to be judge in his own cause, because lie cannot act both as judge and party.
Aliud est celare, aliud tacere
To conceal is one thing, to be silent another.
Aliud est distinctio, aliud separatio
Disitiction is one thing, separation another.
Aliud est possidere, aliud esse in pos,essione
It is one thing to possess, another to be in possession-
Aliud est vendere, aliud vendenti consen. Tire
To sell is one thing to give consent. to the seller another.
Allegans contraria non est audiendus-
A person making contradictory allegations is not to be heard.
Allegans suam turpitudinem non est audiendus
A person alleging his own wrong is not to be heard.
Also termed excusable homicide
See SELF-DEFENSE. 2. A killing mandated or permitted by the law, such as execution for a capital crime or killing to prevent a crime or a criminal's escape.
Also termed panderer.
See PIMP.
Alterius circumventio alii non praebet actionem.
A deception practiced upon one person does not give a cause of action to another.
Alternativa petitio non est audienda.
An alternative petition is not to be heard.
Analogous art
the technique or method that is reasonably related to the problem addressed by the invention, and with which the inventor is assumed to be familiar. - also termed pertinent art. See nonobviousness.
Arbor finalis
[latin] hist. A boundary tree; a tree used for marking a boundary line.
Archdiaconal court
see court of archdeacon.
Architectural review
see design review.
Architectural work
copyright. The design of a building, as embodied in any tangible medium of expression, including plans and drawings (which are protected as pictorial or graphic works) or the building itself (which is protected, if built after december 1, 1990, under the berne convention).
Arcta et salva custodia
[law latin] hist. In close and safe custody. ( a defendant arrested under the writ of capias ad satisfaciendum was said to be kept arcta et salva custodia. Ardour. [law french] hist. An arsonist.
Argumentum a ma;jori ad minus negative non valet; valet a converso
An argument from the greater to the lesser is of no force in the negative; conversely (in the affirmative) it is valid.
Argumentum a simili valet in lege
An argument by analogy (from a similar case) has force in law.
Argumentum ab impossibili plurimum valet in lege
An argument deduced from an impossibility has the greatest validity in law.
Argumentum ab inconvenienti plurimum valet in lege
An argument drawn from what is unsuitable (or improper) has the greatest validity in law. Co. Litt. 66a.
Arranger for disposal
environmental law. An entity that owns or possesses hazardous substances, and either disposes of them or has an obligation to control them. 0 an arranger for disposal can be held liable for environmental cleanup costs under cercla.
Arrest on final process
hist. Arrest in a civil case after the conclusion of a trial. -also termed arrest in execution.
Arresto facto super bonis mercatorum alienigenorum
[latin "seizure of the goods of foreign merchants"] hist. A writ to seize the goods of an alien, taken in recompense of goods taken from an english subject living abroad.
Artificial condition
see condition (5)