Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Backward integration
see integration (4)
backward integration
A firm's acquisition of ownership of facilities that produce raw materials or parts for the firm's products. 5. Securities. The requirement that all security offerings over a given period are to be considered a single offering for purposes of determining an exemption from registration. ( The Securities and Exchange Commission and the courts apply five criteria to determine whether two or more transactions are part of the same offering of securities: (1) whether the offerings are part of a single plan of financing, (2) whether the offerings involve issuance of the same class of securities, (3) whether the offerings are made at or about the same time, (4) whether the same type of consideration is received, and (5) whether the offerings are made for the same general purpose. 17 CFR ยง 230.502.