Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
cash merger.
A merger in which shareholders of the target company must accept cash for their shares. - Also termed cash-out merger; freeze-out merger.
forward triangular merger.
See triangular merger.
freeze-out merger.
See cash merger.
horizontal merger horizontal merger.
See MERGER. horizontal nonprivity. See NONPRIVITY, horizontal price-fixing. See PRICE-FDUNC horizontal privity. See PRMTY.
horizontal merger.
A merger between two or more businesses that are on the 'same market level because they manufacture similar products in the same geographic region; a merger of direct competitors. - Also termed horizontal integration.
merger.
1. The act or an instance of combining or uniting. 2. Contracts. The substitution of a superior form of contract for an inferior form, as when a written contract supersedes all oral agreements and prior understandings.
product-extension merger.
A merger in which the products of the acquired company are complementary to those of the acquiring company and may be produced with similar facilities, marketed through the same channels, and advertised by the same media.
reverse triangular merger.
A merger in which the acquiring corporation's subsidiary is absorbed into the target corporation, which becomes a new subsidiary of the acquiring corporation. - Also termed reverse subsidiary merger.
short-form merger.
A merger that is less expensive and time-consuming than an ordinary statutory merger, usu. permitted when a subsidiary merges into a parent that already owns most of the subsidiary's shares. ( Such a merger is generally accomplished when the parent adopts a merger resolution, mails a copy of the plan to the subsidiary's record shareholders, and files the executed articles of merger with the secretary of state, who issues a certificate of merger.
statutory merger.
A merger provided by and conducted according to statutory requirements.
stock merger.
A merger involving one company's purchase of another company's capital stock.
triangular merger.
A merger in which the target corporation is absorbed into the acquiring corporation's subsidiary, with the target's shareholders receiving stock in the parent corporation. - Also termed subsidiary merger; forward triangular merger.
upstream merger.
A merger of a subsidiary corporation into its parent.
vertical merger.
A merger between businesses occupying different levels of operation for the same product, such as between a manufacturer and a retailer; a merger of buyer and seller. 8. The blending of the rights of a creditor and debtor, resulting in the extinguishment of the creditor's right to collect the debt. 0 As originally developed in Roman law, a merger resulted from the marriage of a debtor and creditor, or when a debtor became the creditor's heir. -Also termed confusion; confusion of debts; confusion of rights. Cf. CONFUSION OF TITLES.