Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Audit report
an outside auditor's written statement, usu. Accompanying a company's financial statement, expressing the auditor's opinion of the accuracy of the company's financial condition as set forth in the financial statement.
Court-Martial Reports
A publication containing the opinions of the U.S. Court of Military Appeals and select decisions of the Courts of Military Review. ( This publication appeared during the years 1951-1975. - Abbr. CMR.
Federal Reporter
See F. (1).
Federal Reporter Second Series
See F.2D.
Federal Reporter Third Series
See F.3D.
Martinez report
A report that courts sometimes require a pro se party to file in order to clarify a vague or incomprehensible complaint. Martinez u. Aaron, 570 F.2d 317 (10th Cir. 1978).
National Reporter System
A series of law-books, published by the West Group, containing every published decision of the federal and state courts in the United States. ( For federal courts, the system includes the Supreme Court Reporter, Federal Reporter, Federal Claims Reporter, Federal Supplement, Federal Rules Decisions, Bankruptcy Reporter, Military Justice Reporter, and Veterans Appeals Reporter. For state courts, the system includes the Atlantic Reporter, New York Supplement, North Eastern Reporter, North Western Reporter, Pacific Reporter, South Eastern Reporter, Southern Reporter, and South Western Reporter.
North Eastern Reporter
A set of regional law books that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio, from 1885 to date. a The first series ran from 1885 to 1936; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. N.E.; N.E.2d.
North Western Reporter
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin, from 1879 to date. ( The first series ran from 1879 to 1941; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. N.W.; NW.2d.
Options Price Reporting Authority
A national market-system plan approved by the SEC for collecting and disseminating last-sale and quotation information on options traded on a five-member exchange consisting of the American Stock Exchange, the Chicago Board of Options Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, the Pacific Stock Exchange, and the Philadelphia Stock Exchange. - Abbr. OPRA.
Pacific Reporter
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming, from 1883 to date. ( The first series ran from 1883 to 1931. - Abbr. P.; P.2d.
Preponderance
n. Superiority in weight, importance, or influence. Preponderate(pri-pon-dar-ayt) vb. - preponderant (pri-pon-dar-ant), adj.
Report
n. 1. A formal oral or written presentation of facts < according to the treasurer's report, there is $300 in the bank>.
Reporter
1. A person responsible for making and publishing a report; esp., a lawyer-consultant who prepares drafts of official or semiofficial writings such as court rules or Restatements <the reporter to the Advisory Committee on Bankruptcy Rules explained the various amendments>. 2. REPORTER OF DECISIONS. 3. REPORT (3) <Supreme Court Reporter>. -Abbr. rep.; rptr. "It may not come amiss to remark that the National Report System is usually spoken of as the 'Reporters, and one of the component parts of that system is in like manner spoken of as a 'Reporter.' Wherever, in this or the succeeding chapters of this work, the word is used with a capital, it refers to one or more of the parts of the National Reporter System. When the word 'reporter' is used without capitalization, it refers to the person who reports or edits the cases in any series of reports to which reference is being made." William M. Lile et al., Brief Making and the Use of Law Books 37 (3d ed. 1914).
Reports
The. A series of 13 volumes of case law published in the 17th century by Sir Edward Coke.
Repossession
n. The act or an instance of re-, taking property; esp., a seller's retaking of goods sold on credit when the buyer has failed to pay for them. - Often shortened to repo. -repossess, ub. Cf. FORECLOSURE.
South Eastern Reporter
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia, from 1887 to date. ( The first series ran from 1887 to 1939; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. S.E.; S.E.2d.
South Western Reporter
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Arkansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee, and Texas, from 1886 to date. ( The first series ran from 1886 to 1928; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. S.W.; S.W.2d.
Southern Reporter
A set of regional lawbooks that, being part of the West Group's National Reporter System, contain every published decision from Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi, from 1887 to date. 0 The first series ran from 1887 to 1941; the second series is the current one. - Abbr. So.; So.2d.
Uniform Crime Reports
A series of annual criminological studies (each entitled Crime in the United States) prepared by the FBI. ( The reports include data on eight index offenses, statistics on arrests, and information on offenders, crime rates, and the like. - Abbr. UCR.
United States Reports
The official printed record of U.S. Supreme Court cases. ( In a citation, it is abbreviated as U.S., as in 388 U.S. 14 (1967).
annual report
a yearly corporate financial report for shareholders and other interested parties. ( the securities exchange act of 1934 requires registered corporations to file an annual report on the sec's form 10-k. an annual report includes a balance sheet, income statement, statement of changes in financial position, reconciliation of changes in owners' equity accounts, a summary of significant accounting principles, other explanatory notes, the auditor's report, and comments from management about prospects for the coming year. - also termed annual statement; financial report.
cash-transaction report
IRS Form 4789, which requires banks and other financial institutions to report cash transactions above a certain amount.
court reporter
1. A person who records testimony, stenographically or by electronic or other means, and when requested, prepares a transcript <the deposition could not start until the court reporter arrived>. Cf court recorder under RECORDER. 2. REPORTER OF DECISIONS.
credit report
1 A credit bureau's report on a person's financial status, usu. including the approximate amounts and locations of a person's bank accounts, charge accounts, loans, and other debts, bill-paying habits, defaults, bankruptcies, foreclosures, marital status, occupation, income, and lawsuits. See CREDIT BUREAU. 2. The report of a credit-reporting bureau, usu. including highly personal information gathered through interviews with a person's friends, neighbors, and coworkers. See CREDIT-REPORTING BUREAU.
credit-reporting bureau
An organization that, on request, prepares investigative reports not just on people's creditworthiness but also on personal information gathered from various sources, inclding interviews with neighbors, friends, and coworkers. ( These reports are used chiefly by employers (for prospective employees), insurance companies (for applicants), and landlords (for prospective tenants). - Also termed investigating bureau. Cf CREDIT BUREAU.
earnings report
See INCOME STATEMENT.
entrepot
n. [French] French law. A building or place where goods from abroad may be deposited and from which those goods may then be exported to another country without paying a duty.
fair preponderance of the evidence
See PREPONDERANCE OF THE EVIDENCE. fair rate of returnSee RATE OF RETURN.
fair-credit-reporting act
A federal or state law that regulates the keeping of credit reports and ensures the right of consumers to get and correct their credit reports. ( The federal Fair Credit Reporting Act was enacted in 1970. 15 USCA ยงยง 1681-1681u.
fair-report privilege
A defense to liability for publishing defamatory matter from a report of an official or judicial proceeding, when the report is a full, fair, and accurate account of the proceeding.
false report
The criminal offense of informing law enforcement about a crime that did not occur.
financial report
See FINANCIAL STATEMENT.
full-reporting clause.
1. An insurance-policy clause that requires the insured to reveal values and that penalizes the insured if the insured revealed less than required in the policy application. - Also termed honesty clause. 2. An insurance-policy clause providing that the indemnity will not exceed the proportion of the loss that the last reported value bears to the actual value.
gap report
In the making of federal court rules, a report that explains any changes made by an advisory committee in the language of a proposed amendment to a procedural rule after its publication for comment. 0 Before advisory committees began issuing gap reports in the early 1980s, there were complaints that the public record did not show why changes were made after the public-comment period. The five advisory committees - for appellate, bankruptcy, civil, criminal, and evidence rules - therefore began filing the reports to fill in the "gaps" in the record. Although the phrase is sometimes written in capital letters (GAP report), it is not an acronym.
insider report
A monthly report that must be filed with the SEC when more than 10% of a company's stock is traded. 2. A written account of a court proceeding and judicial decision <the law clerk sent the court's report to counsel for both sides>.
judicial activity report
A regular report, usu. monthly or quarterly, on caseload and case flow within a given court or court system.
law report
See REPORT (3).
law reporter
See REPORT (3).
master's report
A master's formal report to a court, usu. containing a recommended decision in a case as well as findings of fact and conclusions of law.
nonreporting issuer
An issuer not subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act because it (1) has not voluntarily become subject to the reporting requirements, (2) has not had an effective registration statement under the Securities Act within the fiscal year, and (3) did not, at the end of its last fiscal year, meet the shareholder or asset tests under the Exchange Act registration requirements.
official report
(usu. pl.) The governmentally approved set of reported cases within a given jurisdiction.
official report.
See REPORT (2).
preponderance of the evidence
The greater weight of the evidence; superior evidentiary weight that, though not sufficient to free the mind wholly from all reasonable doubt, is still sufficient to incline a fair and impartial mind to one side of the issue rather than the other. 0 This is the burden of proof in a civil trial, in which the jury is instructed to find for the party that, on the whole, has the stronger evidence, however slight the edge may be. -Also termed preponderance of proof; balance of probability. Cf. clear and convincing evidence under EVIDENCE.
presentence investigation report
A probation officer's detailed account of a convicted defendant's educational, criminal, family, and social background, conducted at the court's request as an aid in passing sentence. - Abbr. PSI. - Often shortened to presentence report.
quarterly report
A financial report issued by a corporation (and by most mutual funds and investment managers) every three months.
repo
1. REPOSSESSION. 2. REPURCHASE AGREEMENT.
report of proceedings
See TRANSCRIPT.
reporter of decisions
The person responsible for publishing a court's opinions. ( The reporter of decisions often has duties that include verifying citations, correcting spelling and punctuation, and suggesting minor editorial improvements before judicial opinions are released or published. - Often shortened to reporter. - Also termed court reporter.
reporter's privilege
See journalist's privilege (1).