Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Adversus extraneos vitiosa possessio prodesse solet
Possession though faulty is usually sufficient against outsiders. ( Prior possession is a good title of ownership against all who cannot show a better.
Assessable insurance
see insurance.
Assessable security
see security.
Assessable stock
see stock.
Assessed valuation
see valuation.
Assessment
n. 1. Determination of the rate or amount of something, such as a tax or damages <assessment of the losses covered by insurance. 2. Imposition of something, such as a tax or fine, according to an established rate; the tax or fine so imposed <assessment of a luxury tax>.
Assessment company
an association that fers its members life insurance, and then :pays for death losses by levying an assessment the surviving members of the association
Assessment contract
see contract
Assessment district
See district
Assessment fond.
The balance of the assessments of a mutual benefit association minus expenses, from which beneficiaries are paid.]
Assessment for benefits
see special assessment.
Assessment for benefits.
See special assessment under assessment.
Assessment insurance
see insurance
Assessment list
see assessment roll
Assessment period
a taxable period,
Assessment ratio
for property tax purposes the ratio of assessed value to fail market value
Assessment roll
a record of taxable person and property, prepared by a tax assessor. Also termed assessment list.
Assessment work
mining law. The annual bor (such as improvements) that must be performed on an unpatented mining claim to continue to hold the claim.
Assessor
1. One who evaluates or makes assessments esp. For purposes of taxation. - also termed (specif.) Tax assessor. 2. A person who advises a judge or magistrate about scientific or technical matters during a trial. See master (2). - assessorial (as-a-sor-ee-al), adj. - as-
Bona fide possessor facit fructus consumptos suos
A possessor in good faith is entitled to the fruits (or produce) that he consumes.
Bonae fzdei possessor in id tantum quod ad se pervenerit tenetur
A possessor in good faith is liable only for that which he himself has obtained (literally, what has come to him). 2 Co. Inst. 285.
Catalla juste possessa amitti non possunt
Chattels rightly possessed cannot be lost.
Court of General Quarter Sessions of the Peace
Hist. 1. English law. A court of criminal jurisdiction held in each county (or borough) once in every quarter of a year. * The court was made up of a county's justices of the peace. It committed certain cases to the Assizes. Quarter Sessions were abolished in 1971, with most jurisdiction transferred to the Crown Court. - Often shortened to Quarter Sessions; Sessions. "The court of general quarter sessions of the peace is a court that must be held in every county, once in every quarter of a year .... It is held before two or more justices of the peace, one of which must be of the quorum. The jurisdiction of this court, by statute 34 Edw. III. c. I. extends to the trying and determining all felonies and trespasses whatsoever, though they seldom, if ever, try any greater offence than small felonies within the benefit of clergy ...." 4 William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England 268 (1769) 2. A court held in some states four times a year with jurisdiction over misdemeanors and occasionally tasks of an administrative nature, such as the care of public roads and bridges. -Often shortened to Quarter Session Court. -Also termed Court of Quarter Sessions of the Peace.
Court of Great Sessions in Wales
Hist. A common-law court established in 1543 in Wales with jurisdiction equivalent to that of the English assizes. ( The Court of Great Sessions was bound to follow English law, but not necessarily English case precedent. - Also termed King's Great Sessions in Wales "There was no outcry when, in 1536, the sinister usages and customs' of the Welsh were abrogated and Welsh subjects were granted the same laws and liberties as the English .... A new system of courts, called the Great Sessions in Wales, was set up. The courts were to sit twice a year in four circuits, each comprising three counties, and to each circuit were appointed justices learned in the laws of this realm'. These courts operated alongside the English courts, and they had the same jurisdiction in Wales as the King's Bench and Common Pleas had in England .... In 1830 the Great Sessions were abolished, and by complete procedure
Court of Quarter Sessions of the Peace
See COURT OF GENERAL QUARTER SESSIONS OF THE PEACE.
Court of Session
1. Scots law. The supreme Scottish civil court, having divisions for trials and for hearing appeals. ( Its jurisdiction corresponds generally to the English High Court of Justice. It has two appellate chambers, the First and Second Division, and several Lords Ordinary, who sit singly as trial judges. 2. In a few states, a court with jurisdiction over criminal cases.
Cum par delictum est duorum, semper oneratur petitor, et melior habetur possessoris causa
Where two parties are equally at fault, the claimant always is at the disadvantage, and the party in possession has the better cause.
Deficiency assessment
an assessment by the irs - after administrative review and tax-court adjudication - of additional tax owed by a taxpayer who underpaid. See tax deficiency.
Disseisinam satin facit qui uti non permittit possessorem, vel minus commode, licet omnino non expellat
A person commits disseisin if he does not permit the possessor to enjoy, or makes the possessor's enjoyment less useful, even if the disseisor does not expel the possessor altogether. Co. Litt. 331.
Donatio perlcitur possessione accipientis
A gift is rendered complete by the possession of the receiver.
Duorum in solidum dominium vel possessio esse non potest
Ownership or possession in entirety cannot belong to two persons.
Erroneous assessment
an assessment that deviates from the law and creates a jurisdictional defect, and that is therefore invalid.
Excessive assessment
a tax assessment that is grossly disproportionate as compared with other assessments.
In pari causa possessor potior haberi debet.
When two parties have equal claims, the possessor should be considered the stronger.
Jeopardy assessment
an assessment by the irs - without the usual review procedures - of additional tax owed by a taxpayer who underpaid, based on the irs's belief that collection of the deficiency would be jeopardized by delay.
King's Great Sessions in Wales
See COURT of GREAT SESSIONS IN WALES.
Local assessment
a tax to pay for improvements (such as sewers and sidewalks) in a designated area, levied on property owners who will benefit from the improvements. -also termed local-improvement assessment
Longa possessio est pacis jus.
Long possession is a right of peace.
Longa possessio jus parit
Long possession begets a right.
Longa possessio parit jus possidendi et tollit actionem vero domino
Long possession produces the right of possession and deprives the true owner of his action.
Maintenance assessment
A charge for keeping an improvement in working condition or a residential property in habitable condition. - also termed maintenance fee.
Non possessori incumbit necessitas probandi possessiones ad se pertinere
It is not incumbent on the possessor of property to prove that his possessions belong to him.
Non valet confirmatio, nisi ille, qui confirmat, sit in possessione rei vel juris uncle fieri debet confirmatio; et eodem modo, nisi ille cui confirmatio fit sit in possessione
Confirmation is not valid unless the person who confirms is in possession either of the thing or of the right of which confirmation is to be made, and, in like manner, unless that person to whom confirmation is made is in possession.
Nul charter, nul vente, ne nul done vault perpetualment, si le donor West seine al temps de contracts de deux droits, sc. del droit de possession et del droit de proper ite
No grant, no sale, no gift, is valid foreveunless the donor, at the time of the contract, i seised of two rights, namely, the right of T);, session and the right of propert
Obsess
n. [Latin] A hostage in wartime. Pl. obsides.
Political assessment
hist. A charge levied on officeholders and political candidates by a political party to defray the expenses for a political canvass.
Possess
vb. To have in one's actual control; to have possession of. - possessor, n.
Possessio
[Latin] The de facto relation between the holder of a thing and the thing itself.
Possessio est quasi pedis position
Possession is, as it were, the position of the foot.
Possessio fratris de feodo simplici facit sororem esse haeredem
Possession by the brother in fee simple makes the sister an heir.