Legal Dictionary of Pakistan
Quick lookup for English, Urdu, and Latin legal terms used in Pakistani jurisprudence.
Basic crops.
see crops.
Basic norm.
see norm.
Basic patent
See patent (3;
Basic-form policy.
see insurance policy
Conventio omnis intelligitur clausula rebus sic stantibus
Every contract is to be understood as being based on the assumption of things remaining as they were (that is, at the time of its conclusion).
Extrinsic
adj. From outside sources.
Feodum simplex quia feodum idem est quod haereditas, et simplex idem est quod legituum vel purum; et sic feodum simplex idem est quod haereditas legitima vel haereditas pura
"Fee simple" is so called because fee is the same as inheritance and simple is the same as lawful or pure; and thus fee simple is the same as a lawful inheritance of ;i pure inheritance.
Legatum morte testatoris tantum confirmatur, sicut donatio inter vivos traditione sola
A legacy is confirmed by the death of the testator, in the same manner as a gift from a living person is by delivery alone.
Legatus regis vice fungitur a quo destinatur, et honorandus est sicut ille cujus vicem gerit
An ambassador fills the place of the king by whom he is sent, and is to be honored as he is whose place he fills.
Optimus interpretandi modus est sic leges interpretare ut leges legibus accordant
The best mode of interpreting laws is to make laws agree with laws.
Physical custody
The right to have the child live with the person awarded custody by the court.
Riparum usus publicus est jure gentium, sicut ipsius luminis
The use of riverbanks is by the law of nations public, like that of the stream itself.
Secta est pugna civilis, sicut actores armantur actionibus, et quasi accinguntur gladiis, its rei (e contra) muniuntur exceptionibus, et defenduntur quasi clypeis
A suit is a civil battle; just as the plaintiffs are armed with actions and, as it were, girded with swords, so (against them) the defendants are fortified with pleas, and defended as though by shields.
Sic enim debere quem meliorem agrum suum facere, ne vicini deteriorem faciat
Everyone ought so to improve his land as not to injure his neighbor's.
Sic interpretandum est ut verba accipiantur cum effectu
Such an interpretation is to be made that the words may be taken with effect.
Sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas
So use your own as not to injure another's property.
Sicut natura nil facit per saltum, ita nec lex
Just as nature does nothing with a leap, so neither does the law.
actual physical control.
Direct bodily power over something., esn a vehicle- Manv jurisdic-
basic crops
Crops (such as wheat and corn) that are usu. subject to government-price supports.
basic norm.
In the legal theory of Hans Kelsen, the law from which all the other laws in a society derive. ( Kelsen's "pure theory of law" maintains that laws are norms. . Therefore, a society's legal system is made up of its norms, and each legal norm derives its validity from other legal norms. Ultimately, the validity of all laws is tested against the "basic norm," which may be as simple as the concept that all pronouncements of the monarch are to be obeyed. Or it may be an elaborate system of lawmaking, such as a constitution. - Also termed grundnorm. See PURE THEORY.
basic patent
A patent granted to an invention recognized by industry or the scientific community as pioneering, unexpected, and unprecedented. - Also termed pioneer patent.
basic-form policy
A policy that offers limited coverage against loss. 0 A basic-form policy generally covers damages from fire, windstorm, explosion, riot, aircraft, vehicles, theft, or vandalism. - Also termed limited policy.
clausa rebus sic stantibus
[Law Latin] Int'l law. 1. A treaty provision stating that the treaty is binding only as long as the circumstances in existence when the treaty was signed remain substantially the same. 2. A doctrine by which the law supplies such a provision to a treaty that does not expressly contain one; REBUS SIC STANTIBUS. - Often shortened to clausa. - Also termed clausula rebus sic stantibus; clausula
clausula rebus sic stantibus
See CLAUSA REBUS SIC STANTIBUS.
doctrine of incontrovertible physical facts
See PHYSICAL-FACTS RULE.
et sic
[Latin "and so"] Archaic. The introductory words of a special conclusion to a plea in bar, intending to render the plea positive and not argumentative.
et sic ad judicium
[Latin] Archaic. And so to judgment.
et sic fecit
[Latin] Archaic. And he did so.
et sic pendet
[Latin] Hist. And so it hangs. ( This phrase was used in the old reports to signify that a point was left undetermined.
et sic ulterius
[Latin] Archaic. And so on; and so further; and so forth.
extrinsic ambiguity
See latent ambiguity under AMBIGUITY.
extrinsic evidence
1. Evidence relating to a contract but not appearing on the face of the contract because it comes from other sources, such as statements between the parties or the circumstances surrounding the agreement. Extrinsic evidence is usu. not admissible to contradict or add to the terms of an unambiguous document. - Also termed extraneous evidence; parol evidence; evidence aliunde. 2. Evidence that is not legitimately before the court. Cf. intrinsic evidence.
extrinsic fraud
1. Deception that is collateral to the issues being considered in the case; intentional misrepresentation or deceptive behavior outside the transaction itself (whether a contract or a lawsuit), depriving one party of informed consent or full participation. ( For example, a person might engage in extrinsic fraud by convincing a litigant not to hire counsel or answer by dishonestly saying the matter will not be pursued. - Also termed collateral fraud. 2. Deception that prevents a person from knowing about or asserting certain rights.
forensic
adj. 1. Used in or suitable to courts of law or public debate <forensic psychiatry>. 2. Rhetorical; argumentative <Spence's considerable forensic skills>. 3. Hist. Exterior; foreign.
forensic engineering
The use of engineering principles or analysis in a lawsuit, usu. through an expert witness's testimony. forensic evidence. See EVIDENCE.
forensic evidence
Evidence used in court; esp., evidence arrived at by scientific means, such as ballistic or medical evidence.
forensic linguistics.
The science or technique that evaluates the linguistic characteristics of written or oral communications, usu. to determine identity or authorship.
forensic medicine.
The branch of medicine that establishes or interprets evidence using scientific or technical facts, such as ballistics. - Also termed medical jurisprudence.
forensic pathology.
The specific branch of medicine that establishes or interprets evidence dealing with diseases and disorders of the body, esp. those that cause death.
forensic services.
Hist. In feudal law, the payment of extraordinary aids or the rendition of extraordinary military services.
forensics
1. The art of argumentative discourse. 2. The branch of law enforcement dealing with legal evidence relating to firearms and ballistics.
incontrovertible-physical-facts doctrine
See PHYSICAL-FACTS RULE.
intrinsic
adj. Belonging to a thing by its very nature; not dependent on external cirumstances; inherent; essential.
intrinsic ambiguity
See patent ambiguity under AMBIGUITY.
intrinsic evidence
1. Evidence brought out by the examination of the witness testifying. 2. Evidence existing within a writing. Cf. extrinsic evidence.
intrinsic fraud
Deception that pertains to an issue involved in an original action. Examples include the use of fabricated evidence, a false return of service, perjured testimony, and false receipts or other commercial documents.
intrinsic value
See VALUE.
last sickness
See LAST ILLNESS.
lex Cornelia de sicariis et veneicis
n. [Latin] Roman law. The Cornelian law, passed by the dictator Sulla, addressing assassins and poisoners and containing provisions making the killing of another's slave punishable by death or exile. ( The act was extended by Emperor Antoninus Pius to include a master who killed his own slave.
lex Wallensica
n. [Latin] Welsh law.