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THE ANCIENT MONUMENTS PRESERVATION ACT, THE ANCIENT MONUMENTS PRESERVATION ACT, 1904. ACT No. VII of 1904 [18th March, 1904] An Act to provide for the preservation of Ancient Monuments and objects of archaeological, historical or artistic interest. WHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the preservation of ancient monuments, for the exercise of control over traffic in antiquities and over excavation in certain places, and for the pro tection and acquisition in certain cases of ancient monuments and of objects of archaeological, historical or artistic interest 2. Definitions.----- In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,‑ (1) "ancient monument" means any structure, erection or monument, or any tumulus or place of interment, or any cave, rock‑sculpture, inscription or monolith, which is of historical, archaeological or artistic interest, or any remains thereof, and includes‑ (a) the site of an ancient monument ; (b) such portion of land adjoining the site of an ancient monument as may be required for fencing or covering in or otherwise preserving such monument ; and (c) the means of access to and convenient inspection of an ancient monument ; (2) "antiquities" include any moveable objects which (Subs. by A. O., 1937, for "the Govt.".)[the Central Government], by reason of their historical or archaeological associations, may think it necessary to protect against injury, removal or dispersion ; (3) "Commissioner" includes any officer authorized by (Subs. ibid., for "the L. G.".)[the Central Government] to perform the duties of a Commissioner under this Act ; [(3A) "Director" means the Director of Archaeology in Pakistan ;]( Clause (3A) ins. by the Ancient Monuments Preservation (Amdt Act, 1950 (84 of 1950), s. 2.) (4) "maintain" and "maintenance" include the fencing, covering in, repairing, restoring and cleansing (Ins. ibid.)[and keeping clean the premises and precincts] of a protected monument, and the doing of any act which may be necessary for the purpose of maintaining a protected monument or of securing convenient access thereto ; (5) "land" includes a revenue‑free estate, a revenue‑paying estate, and a permanent transferable tenure, whether such estate or tenure be subject to incumbrances or not ; (The word "and" omitted, ibid.)* (6) "owner" includes a joint owner invested with powers of management on behalf of himself and other joint owners, and any manager or trustee exercising powers of management over an ancient monument, and the successor in title of any such owner and the successor in office of any such manager or trustee: Provided that nothing in this Act shall be deemed to extend the powers which may lawfully be exercised by such manager or (Subs. ibid., for the word and full stop "trustee.".)[trustee ; and] [(7) "Superintendent" means the Superintendent of the Archaeological Survey of Pakistan (hereinafter referred to as the Survey).]( Clause (7) added, ibid.)